Drugs online research references
manorcottage.fsbusiness.co.uk
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the frequency with which sedation was reported in post-marketing surveillance studies of four second generation antihistamines: loratadine, cetirizine, fexofenadine, and acrivastine. DESIGN: Prescription-event monitoring studies. SETTING: Prescriptions were obtained for each cohort in the immediate post-marketing period. SUBJECTS: Event data were obtained for a total of 43 363 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reporting of sedation or drowsiness. RESULTS: The odds ratios (adjusted for age and sex) for the incidence of sedation were 0.63 (95% confidence interval 0.36 to 1.11; P=0.1) for fexofenadine; 2.79 (1.69 to 4.58; P<0.0001) for acrivastine, and 3.53 (2.07 to 5.42; P<0.0001) for cetirizine compared with loratadine. No increased risk of accident or injury was evident with any of the four drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Although the risk of sedation was low with all four drugs, fexofenadine and loratadine may be more appropriate for people working in safety critical jobs.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10784544&dopt=Abstract
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Immunol Lett. 2000 Apr 3;72(1):31-4.
Cetirizine-induced downregulation of airway fibroblast proliferation and function: a rationale for a different approach to allergy treatment?
Cagnoni F, Oddera S, Semino C, Mincarini M, Melioli G, Canonica GW.
Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy.
Recently, airway fibroblasts captured the attention of both allergists and basic scientists since they are no longer considered as mere bystanders, as far as allergic airway diseases are concerned. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of different Cetirizine (Cet) concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1 mg/ml) on human airway fibroblast proliferation and on CD54 expression. By means of flow cytometry analysis, we evaluated CD54 expression by airway fibroblasts in basal conditions or after gammaIFN stimulation in the presence of Cetirizine; we also evaluated the effect of the drug on cell proliferation by a [3H]thymidine incorporation assay. All of the tested doses of Cetirizine were able to significantly reduce CD54 upregulation induced by gammaIFN; concerning the fibroblast proliferation, we observed a dose-dependent inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation. These results show that Cetirizine exerts a biologic effect directly on human airway fibroblasts, suggesting a new rationale in the use of this compound.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10789678&dopt=Abstract
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medizin.uni-magdeburg.de
BACKGROUND: Serotonin type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists have been reported to be a novel therapeutic principle for the treatment of cholestatic and uremic pruritus. OBJECTIVE: To determine the antipruritic effect of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (tropisetron) on histamine and serotonin-induced itch under experimental conditions in comparison to native skin and after pretreatment with an orally applied antihistamine (cetirizine). METHODS: Histamine and serotonin were iontophoretically applied in 10 healthy volunteers. Wheals and flares were planimetrically evaluated. Itching and burning sensations were entered on a scale over 24 min. The examination also comprised alloknesis, elicitation of perifocal itch sensation by usually non-itching (e.g. mechanical) stimuli. RESULTS: Tropisetron did not have any significant influence on histamine-induced reactions but could significantly reduce serotonin-induced flares. Cetirizine led to a significant reduction of all histamine-induced parameters and abolished serotonin-induced wheals. CONCLUSIONS: Serotonin has an own pruritic potency and does not only act over histamine containing mast cells. The antipruritic effect of tropisetron reported in cholestatic and uremic pruritus could not be verified in healthy persons under experimental conditions.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9372314&dopt=Abstract
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