Drugs online research references
Acta Otolaryngol. 1996 Jan;116(1):91-6.
Effect of H1 and H2 antagonists on nasal symptoms and mediator release in atopic patients after nasal allergen challenge during the pollen season.
Wang D, Clement P, Smitz J.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
During the pollen season, quantitative determination of the chemical mediators and eosinophil count was performed in 16 patients with hay fever after nasal allergen challenge (NAC). The aim of this study was objectively to assess the effect of H1 and of a combination of H1 and H2 antagonists on nasal symptoms, mediator release, and eosinophil count during an allergic reaction. NAC was performed at baseline (V1), 2 weeks after treatment with cetirizine 10 mg/day (V2), and after a combined therapy with cetirizine 10 mg and cimetidine 800 mg a day during the following week (V3). Results showed a significant (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) relief of nasal symptoms such as: itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea and congestion, and of objective parameter such as: reduction of the number of sneezes after NAC at V2 and V3. Neither H1 antagonist nor a combination of H1 and H2 antagonists showed any effect on eosinophilia and ECP concentration caused by natural allergen exposure, nor on histamine and tryptase release immediately after NAC. When a combination of H1 and H2 antagonists was administered significant reduction of the nasal airway resistance and increase of the nasal air flow were demonstrated.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8820358&dopt=Abstract
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Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1996 Oct;77(4):310-8.
Effect of cetirizine on antigen-induced tracheal contraction of passively sensitized guinea pigs.
Dobashi K, Iizuka K, Houjou S, Sakai H, Watanabe K, Mori M, Nakazawa T.
First Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University, School of Medicine, Japan.
BACKGROUND: Cetirizine dihydrochloride (cetirizine), a potent histamine H1-receptor antagonist, has been developed as an anti-allergy drug. OBJECT: The anti-allergic effects and mechanism of cetirizine were studied using in vitro assay systems. METHODS: We investigated the effect of cetirizine on antigen-induced contractions of isolated tracheal strips and on chemical mediator release from antigen-stimulated lung chips taken from passively sensitized guinea pigs. We examined the antigen-induced mobilization of Ca2+ in MC/9 mast cells sensitized with IgE. RESULTS: Cetirizine inhibited the antigen-induced contraction of isolated guinea-pig trachea concentration dependently. Pyrilamine, another histamine H1-receptor antagonist, delayed the response but did not change the maximum amplitude. Cetirizine at the concentration of 3 microM also inhibited the antigen-induced release of histamine, leukotriene D4, and leukotriene E4 from guinea pig lung chips. Furthermore, it inhibited the antigen-induced Ca2+ increase in MC/9 mast cells, whereas pyrilamine did not. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that one anti-allergic mechanism of cetirizine may inhibit mediator release which is, at least partially, mediated by a decrease in the transient Ca2+ influx in mast cells.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8885809&dopt=Abstract
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Gen Pharmacol. 1996 Mar;27(2):269-72.
Antihistamines and production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-8 by human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro: evaluation of the effects of loratadine and cetirizine.
Amsellem C, Gormand F, Hosni R, Aloui R, Guibert B, Czarlewski W, Melac M, Lagarde M, Perrin-Fayolle M, Pacheco Y.
Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre Benite, France.
1. In this study, we compared the effects of two antihistamine drugs on the production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-8 by human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. 2. Cytokine production was assessed by the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 3. Epithelial cells spontaneously released both cytokines and tumor necrosis factor alone induced a significant increase in this production but loratadine and cetirizine had no effect at the various concentrations studied. 4. The antihistamines have no effect and this suggests that histamine plays no role in cytokine production under these conditions.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8919641&dopt=Abstract
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