Drugs online research references
Brain Res Bull. 1993;30(5-6):607-10.
Amphetamine and antidepressant drug effects on GABA- and NMDA-related seizures.
Borowski TB, Kirkby RD, Kokkinidis L.
Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Research has shown a synergistic relationship between amphetamine sensitization and limbic system kindling. To explore the role of GABA and NMDA receptor activity in modulating the positive effects of amphetamine on epileptogenesis, alterations in GABA- and NMDA-related convulsions were examined after acute and chronic amphetamine administration. A single injection of d-amphetamine (7.5 mg/kg) significantly decreased latencies to generalized motor seizures induced 12 h later by the noncompetitive GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxin (10 mg/kg). The increased sensitivity to clonus was specific to acute amphetamine treatment and was not evident following withdrawal from chronic drug exposure. Seizures induced by NMDLA (1,000 mg/kg), on the other hand, were not modified by acute amphetamine injection; however, the latency to clonus was reduced substantially after NMDLA injection to mice chronically preexposed to amphetamine. The short- and long-term amphetamine effects on GABA- and NMDA-associated convulsive activity were not paralleled by similar drug treatment schedules involving acute (20 mg/kg) and chronic administration of desipramine, zimelidine, and buproprion. These results suggest that amphetamine may be acting on inhibitory and excitatory amino acid systems independently of its monoaminergic properties. The implications of these findings were discussed in relation to amphetamine sensitization of mesolimbic functioning.
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Arzneimittelforschung. 1996 Jul;46(7):667-9.
Different effects of the antidepressant drugs imipramine, maprotiline and bupropion on insulin secretion from mouse pancreatic islets.
el-Dakhakhny M, Abdel el-Latif HA, Ammon HP.
Pharmacology Department of Alexandria Medical Faculty, Alexandria, Egypt.
In some previous studies, acute administration of some antidepressants has been reported to cause significant changes in the levels of blood glucose and insulin in the rabbit. In the present study the effects of several antidepressants representing classical groups of antidepressants, namely imipramine (CAS 50-49-7, I), maprotiline (CAS 10347-81-6, M) and bupropion (CAS 34911-55-2, (B) on insulin secretion from the isolated islets of Langerhans in mice was studied. Maprotiline and bupropion stimulated insulin release, while imipramine was without any effect in presence of 8.3 mmol/l glucose. On the other hand, in presence of 16.7 mmol/l imipramine and maprotiline suppressed the stimulated insulin secretion. Bupropion inversely significantly stimulated the insulin secretion in presence of 16.7 mmol/l glucose. It is concluded that the changes of blood glucose and plasma insulin observed in vivo may at least in part be due to respective changes of insulin secretion. The treatment of diabetic patients receiving antidepressant drugs with hypoglycaemic agents should be taken in consideration.
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Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 1996 Nov;6(4):299-303.
Bupropion induces sniffing: a possible dopaminergic mechanism.
Zarrindast MR, Hodjati MR, Pejhan A, Soleimannejad E.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Tehran, Iran.
The effect of bupropion, an antidepressant drug, on sniffing behaviour was examined in rats. Animals treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with different doses of bupropion (5-40 mg/kg) showed sniffing behaviour in a dose-related manner. Pretreatment of animals (i.p.) with the dopamine antagonists SCH 23390 (0.025-0.1 mg/kg) or sulpiride (12.5-50 mg/kg) decreased the sniffing induced by bupropion. Reserpine pretreatment (2.5 mg/kg, i.p., 18 h) alone and in combination with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT; 250 mg/kg, i.p.) also reduced the behaviour produced by the drug. The alpha-adrenoceptor phenoxybenzamine (5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) and the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) administered 60 min prior to bupropion did not affect the drug's effect on sniffing. Propranolol alone, however, induced sniffing. The antimuscarinic atropine (5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) administered 30 min prior to bupropion increased the bupropion response. Atropine alone induced vigorous sniffing. It is concluded that bupropion induced sniffing through a dopaminergic mechanism.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8985713&dopt=Abstract
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