Drugs online research references
Xenobiotica. 1987 Mar;17(3):287-98.
Pharmacological significance of the species differences in bupropion metabolism.
Welch RM, Lai AA, Schroeder DH.
Bupropion provided a dose-dependent prevention of tetrabenazine-induced sedation in mice but not rats. Bupropion was extensively metabolized in mice, rats, dogs and man. About 85% of the dose was excreted in urine of rats and man. The predominant metabolites in rat urine were side chain cleavage products of bupropion (m-chlorobenzoic acid) with a minor fraction consisting of basic side chain hydroxylated metabolites. Mice, dogs and man form a major side chain hydroxylated product (BW 306U) which appeared in higher concentration than bupropion in plasma of these species but not rats. The relatively high plasma levels of BW 306U in mice but not rats may account for the species difference in pharmacological response observed with bupropion.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3107223&dopt=Abstract
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Endocrinology. 1987 Jul;121(1):316-22.
Control of prolactin release induced by suckling.
de Greef WJ, Voogt JL, Visser TJ, Lamberts SW, van der Schoot P.
In the present study, the role of dopamine and TRH in suckling-induced PRL release was investigated. Bupropion, a dopamine reuptake blocker, increased hypophysial stalk dopamine levels and inhibited suckling-induced PRL release. A short period of suckling, thought to induce a transient decrease in hypothalamic dopamine release, led to higher PRL levels following an iv injection of TRH than in rats which had not nursed their young for a short period after 4- to 6-h separation. These results, in combination with previous data, suggest that a decrease in hypothalamic dopamine release is important for suckling-induced PRL release. Increased PRL release may be in part due to an augmented hypothalamic release of TRH. Since serotonergic mechanisms seem involved in TRH release, lactating rats were treated with drugs acting on serotonergic pathways. Parachlorophenylalanine and pizotifen did not alter suckling-induced PRL release. Methysergide, a serotonin receptor blocker, prevented this PRL release when administered ip but not when injected into the lateral brain ventricle. Since methysergide is converted peripherally into metabolite(s) with dopamine agonistic activity, its effect on suckling-induced PRL release may be due to this action, rather than to its action on serotonin receptors. Thus, these data do not indicate that serotonergic mechanisms are important for suckling-induced PRL release. Passive immunization against TRH inhibited suckling-induced PRL release, indicating that TRH is a hypophysiotropic mediator of this PRL release.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3109881&dopt=Abstract
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sask.usask.ca
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of amitriptyline, bupropion, doxepin or venlafaxine on the gene expression of the neuroprotective enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD1) in a catecholamine cell in vitro model. DESIGN: Molecular study of a cultured cell line. INTERVENTIONS: Rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were incubated in 1 and 10 mumol/L of various antidepressant medications for 24 or 48 hours. OUTCOME MEASURES: Northern blot analysis. RESULTS: Amitriptyline up-regulated SOD1 messenger RNA in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The greatest up-regulation was following incubation with 10 mumol/L amitriptyline for 48 hours. The addition of bupropion, doxepin or venlafaxine to PC12 cell cultures also up-regulated SOD1 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that some antidepressants have the ability to positively regulate neuroprotective genes.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10721683&dopt=Abstract
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