Drugs online research references
Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Aug;115(7):1314-8.
Further evidence of anticonvulsant role for 5-hydroxytryptamine in genetically epilepsy-prone rats.
Yan QS, Jobe PC, Dailey JW.
Department of Basic Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria 61656, USA.
1. This study was designed to evaluate further the role of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in regulating susceptibility and/or intensity of audiogenic seizures in genetically epilepsy-prone rats. 2. The effects of sertraline, a highly selective and potent inhibitor of 5-HT uptake, on both the intensity of the audiogenic seizures and the extracellular concentrations of 5-HT in the thalamus were evaluated in severe seizure genetically epilepsy-prone rats. 3. Sertraline (7.5, 15 and 30 mg kg-1, i.p.) produced a dose-dependent reduction in the intensity of the audiogenic seizures. 4. Brain microdialysis studies showed that the same doses of sertraline also caused dose-dependent increases in the extracellular 5-HT concentration in the thalamus of the freely moving rats. 5. The peak anticonvulsant effect correlated temporally with the peak increases in the extracellular 5-HT concentration for this drug. 6. It is concluded that enhancement of 5-hydroxytryptaminergic transmission may contribute to the anticonvulsant effect of sertraline in severe seizure genetically epilepsy-prone rats. 7. The present results coupled with earlier investigations support the hypothesis that 5-HT plays an anticonvulsant role in genetically epilepsy-prone rats.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7582562&dopt=Abstract
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Neuropsychopharmacology. 1995 May;12(3):221-8.
Chronic antidepressant treatment down-regulates the induction of c-fos mRNA in response to acute stress in rat frontal cortex.
Morinobu S, Nibuya M, Duman RS.
Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Connecticut Mental Health Center 06508, USA.
The present study examines the influence of electroconvulsive seizure (ECS), as well as several antidepressant drug treatments, on the induction of c-fos mRNA in response to acute restraint stress. Acute (45-minute) restraint stress resulted in five- to sixfold elevation of c-fos mRNA levels in rat frontal cortex. Chronic administration of ECS significantly decreased the induction of c-fos mRNA levels in response to acute restraint stress, and this effect was observed after chronic (6 to 9 days) but not acute (1 or 3 days) of ECS treatment. In addition, c-fos induction in response to acute restraint stress was down-regulated by chronic, but not acute, administration of tranylcypromine or imipramine, two drugs that nonselectively increase synaptic levels of norepinephrine and serotonin by inhibition of monoamine oxidase or neurotransmitter reuptake, respectively. Moreover, chronic administration of desipramine or sertraline, selective re-uptake inhibitors of norepinephrine, or serotonin, respectively, also significantly down-regulated the induction of c-fos mRNA in response to restraint stress. Chronic administration of ECS, tranylcypromine, or imipramine also decreased stressed-induced levels of NGFI-A mRNA, another immediate early gene transcription factor, whereas levels of c-jun mRNA were not influenced by either stress or antidepressant treatments. The results demonstrate that chronic, but not acute, administration of ECS and several different classes of antidepressant drugs down-regulates stress-induced levels of c-fos mRNA, suggesting that this effect may be a common, postreceptor action of antidepressant treatments.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7612155&dopt=Abstract
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J Clin Psychiatry. 1995 Jul;56(7):288-96.
Postmarketing surveillance by patient self-monitoring: preliminary data for sertraline versus fluoxetine.
Fisher S, Kent TA, Bryant SG.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555, USA.
BACKGROUND: There have been no published postmarketing reports comparing sertraline with another serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) in large-sample, parallel groups. As part of an ongoing postmarketing surveillance study, this paper presents preliminary data for a number of adverse clinical events reported by outpatients being treated with either fluoxetine or sertraline. METHOD: Using a well-validated method developed to signal possible adverse drug reactions, data were collected on 1577 fluoxetine-treated and 1209 sertraline-treated patients who filled a prescription for either of the two targeted drugs. Pharmacists gave these patients an announcement, part of which served as an entry form, that described the purpose and details of the study. Volunteers (highly selective) were requested to report during the next month via a toll-free telephone interview "any new or unusual symptoms or unexpected improvements" in their health since starting the designated medication. RESULTS: Almost 1 (31.4%) of every 3 sertraline-treated patients called at least once to report one or more adverse clinical events compared with only about 1 (19.7%) of every 5 fluoxetine-treated patients. Most of the reported adverse clinical events--but not all--are well-known adverse drug reactions that seem common to SSRIs. Adverse clinical events reported more frequently by sertraline-treated patients included urinary, sexual, psychological, neurologic, gastrointestinal, and dermatological complaints. Drug discontinuation was also reported more frequently by sertraline-treated patients. Fluoxetine-treated patients reported an increased frequency of weight gain and anger or aggression. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that many adverse reactions known to be induced by fluoxetine are being reported with even greater frequency by sertraline-treated patients. Possible interpretations of these differences are discussed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7615482&dopt=Abstract
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