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mail.tju.edu
Recruiting women into research protocols allows investigators to examine the efficacies of treatments and to study other outcomes among women with mental illnesses. However, achieving recruitment goals has been difficult for researchers. The objective of this study was to examine the success rates of different strategies for recruiting women into clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of postpartum major depression. This is a descriptive study designed to examine which recruitment efforts, over a 4-year period, yielded women who participated in the studies. It was conducted in an outpatient clinic affiliated with a major urban teaching hospital where women of childbearing age sought treatment for affective disorders. All women (n=589) who called about our research studies were systematically screened. The women were either pregnant or in the postpartum period. Our results show that in both studies, obstetricians and other healthcare professionals referred a large number of women. These referrals yielded relatively high rates of participation. However, other methods were differentially successful for the two studies: media appearances and advertising resulted in almost 50% of the screening calls for the prevention study, whereas mass mailings and other promotional materials were more effective for the treatment study. Those materials contributed 44% of screening calls for the treatment study. Our conclusions were that women were most likely to enter the research studies when referred by an obstetrician or other professional.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12842165&dopt=Abstract
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u.washington.edu
The impetus for seeking help for assault-related difficulties often rests upon the victims themselves. Yet, we know very little about what factors influence a woman's decision to seek a particular kind of help after an assault. To learn more about these factors, data from 273 women with varying degrees of trauma history and subsequent PTSD symptoms were collected. All participants read a standard, "if this happened to you, what would you do" scenario describing a traumatic event and subsequent trauma-related psychiatric symptoms. Participants were given the same trauma scenario (i.e., sexual assault) and three treatment options to choose from: sertraline (SER), prolonged exposure (PE), or no treatment. Ratings of treatment credibility, personal reactions to treatment options, and treatment choice were examined. Women were more likely to choose PE than SER for the treatment of chronic PTSD. Perceived credibility of the treatment and personal reactions coincided with women's choices. By better understanding who would choose which treatments for PTSD and why, we will improve our ability to tailor how we approach discussing treatment options with these women.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12880643&dopt=Abstract
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groton.pfizer.com
We recently reported the identification of a novel human adenosine A3 receptor-selective agonist, (2S,3S,4R,5R)-3-amino-5-[6-[5-chloro-2-(3-methylisoxazol-5-ylmethoxy)benzylamino]purin-9-yl]-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid methylamide (CP-608,039), with 1,260-fold selectivity for the human A3 versus human A1 receptor (DeNinno et al., J Med Chem 46: 353-355, 2003). However, because the modest (20-fold) rabbit A3 receptor selectivity of CP-608,039 precludes demonstration of A3-mediated cardioprotection in rabbit models, we identified another member of this class, (2S,3S,4R,5R)-3-amino-5-[6-(2,5-dichlorobenzylamino)purin-9-yl]-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid methylamide (CP-532,903), which both retained human A3 receptor selectivity (210-fold; human A3/human A1 Ki: 23/4,800 nM) and had improved rabbit A3 receptor selectivity (90-fold; rabbit A3/rabbit A1 Ki: 23/2,000 nM). Infarct size was measured in Langendorff hearts or in vivo after 30 min of regional ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion. Five-minute perfusion with CP-532,903 before ischemia-reperfusion elicited a concentration-dependent reduction in infarct size in isolated hearts (EC50: 0.97 nM; maximum reduction in infarct size: 77%, P < 0.05 vs. control). Furthermore, administration of CP-532,903 (150 nM) at reperfusion also significantly reduced infarct size by 64% (P < 0.05 vs. control), which was not different (P > or = 0.05) from the cardioprotection provided by the same concentration of drug given before ischemia. The selective rabbit A1 receptor antagonist BWA1433 did not affect CP-532,903-dependent cardioprotection. In vivo, CP-532,903 (1 mg/kg) reduced infarct size by 50% in the absence of significant hemodynamic effects (mean arterial pressure, heart rate, rate-pressure product). CP-532,903 and CP-608,039 represent a novel class of human A3 receptor-selective agonists that may prove suitable for investigation of the clinical cardioprotective efficacy of A3 receptor activation.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12919933&dopt=Abstract
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