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Sertraline dose-dependently increased the locomotor stimulating effect of amphetamine. At the highest dose, 20 mg/kg sertraline had a biphasic effect on amphetamine-induced hyperactivity, producing an initial reduction in amphetamine-induced hyperactivity that was later followed by an augmentation of amphetamine-induced hyperactivity in the last hour of the 3-h test. Sertraline, at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg, produced an augmentation of amphetamine-induced hyperactivity over the last 2 h of the 3-h test session. Further, there was an increase in the concentration of amphetamine in the brain in rats pretreated with 5 mg/kg sertraline. Both sertraline (5 mg/kg) and fluoxetine (5 mg/kg) produced an augmentation of amphetamine-induced hyperactivity that was unaltered by a serotonergic lesion of the median and dorsal raphe nuclei that resulted in a greater than 90% depletion of serotonin in hippocampus, striatum, and nucleus accumbens. Further, both sertraline and fluoxetine inhibited spontaneous locomotor activity and this effect was also unaltered by the depletion of serotonin. Thus, serotonergic neurotransmission is not essential for the effects of sertraline and fluoxetine on spontaneous and amphetamine-induced locomotion. It is probable that sertraline and fluoxetine augment the locomotor stimulatory effect of amphetamine by decreasing the metabolism of amphetamine, perhaps via actions on cytochrome P450 isozymes.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10367561&dopt=Abstract
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2001;101(8):25-8.
[Sertraline in child and adolescent psychiatry]
[Article in Russian]
Voloshina VM, Kashnikova AA, Tatarova IN, Kim LV, Koren' EV.
The aim of the study was to research the efficiency of sertraline (zoloft) in depressions, anxious states and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Diagnosis of the mental disorders was carried out according to ICD-10. 72 children (59 boys, 13 girls) aged 6-18 years were treated. There were 32 inpatients and 40 outpatients. Therapy with sertraline was performed during 8 weeks with a gradual increase (titration) and individual selection of the dose from 12.5 to 100 mg/day. During the therapy clinical observation was combined with the patients' examination using Hamilton Depression Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-D and HAM-A), and a Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI). It was established that sertraline was very effective and safe drug in children (it has no influence on cognitive functions, has neither myorelaxing or sedative effects). Activity of this drug is characterized by quick manifestation of thymoanaleptic and anxiolytic effects. It mild depressive states 50 mg/day is a significant dose; in more severe depressions and obsessive-compulsive disorders the dose in juveniles was to 100 mg, the duration of the therapy was more than 2 months.
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J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2001 Fall;14(3):130-9.
Prevalence and recognition of depressive symptoms among homebound older adults with urinary incontinence.
Engberg S, Sereika S, Weber E, Engberg R, McDowell BJ, Reynolds CF.
School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
Within a group of homebound elders with urinary incontinence, the objectives of this study were to (1) examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms, (2) examine the extent to which depression had previously been recognized by health care providers, (3) describe the type and intensity of antidepressant treatment prescribed for subjects, and (4) identify the demographic and functional characteristics associated with depressive symptomatology. A descriptive correlational design was used. The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was administered to 345 homebound adults age 60 years and over referred to a study examining the effectiveness of behavioral therapy for urinary incontinence. Individuals were referred to the study by home care nurses from two large Medicare-approved home health agencies in a large metropolitan county in Pennsylvania. Data were collected during in-home assessments and by chart review. Measures included the GDS-15, structured medical history, in-home review of medications, Older Americans Research and Service Center Physical and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scales, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clock Drawing Test, Performance-Based Toileting Assessment, and bladder diaries. One half of the participants (n = 173; 50.1%) had significant depressive symptomatology, with 35.7% having scores suggesting mild depression and 14.5% severe depression. Only 26.4% and 34.7% of those with mild and severe depressive symptoms, respectively, had a previous diagnosis of depression and only 21.7% and 34.0%, respectively, had been prescribed an antidepressant. The most commonly prescribed class of antidepressants was tricyclic antidepressants, being taken by 9.0% (n = 31) of the total sample, 14 (11.4%) of those with mild symptoms and 4 (8.0%) of those with severe depressive symptomatology. A little over half (60.0%) of subjects being treated with antidepressants continued to exhibit significant depressive symptomatology. Greater dependence in physical activities of daily living, the need for assistance during ambulation, higher MMSE scores, and higher levels of comorbidity were associated (P < .05) with a GDS-15 score of 5 or higher. Depression symptoms are common in homebound older adults with urinary incontinence, but clinical recognition and treatment are limited.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11563436&dopt=Abstract
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