Drugs online research references
Br J Gen Pract. 1999 Nov;49(448):892-6.
Newer antidepressants: a comparison of tolerability in general practice.
Mackay FR, Dunn NR, Martin RM, Pearce GL, Freemantle SN, Mann RD.
BACKGROUND: An increasing number of antidepressants have been released on the United Kingdom market in recent years, and these are being prescribed more frequently in general practice. Clinical trials suggest that such agents have similar efficacy and the choice of drug is probably based on tolerability, toxicity in overdose, and cost. AIM: To compare the tolerability and safety profile of six, newly marketed antidepressants used in general practice. METHOD: Studies have been conducted for six antidepressants: fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, moclobemide, venlafaxine, and nefazodone, using the technique of prescription-event monitoring. Patients were identified using incident dispensed prescription data. Questionnaires were sent to patients' general practitioners six months after the date of first prescription. Questionnaires asked for date of birth, sex, indication for prescribing each drug, and all events entered in the patients' records after the date of first prescription. RESULTS: Each cohort exceeded 10,000 patients. Nausea/vomiting was the most frequently reported event for all drugs. The difference in incidence rates for drowsiness/sedation, male sexual dysfunction, and hypertension is shown. Mortality data are also reported. CONCLUSION: Frequently reported events were similar for all six drugs but there were clinically and statistically significant differences for less frequently reported events. The adjusted mortality rate was identical between the six drugs. This study provides valuable comparative data for six, widely used antidepressants in general practice.
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Brain Res. 1999 Apr 10;824(2):304-7.
Regulation of CCK mRNA expression in the rat brain by stress and treatment with sertraline, a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor.
Giardino L, Bettelli C, Pozza M, Calza L.
Institute of Otolaryngology II, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
In this paper, we have investigated the regulation of CCK mRNA expression in the brain after restraint stress with and without long-term treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline. Stress alone increases CCK mRNA levels in the hippocampus, whereas no changes were found in the cerebral cortex, amygdaloid complex and thalamus. CCK mRNA expression decreases in the hippocampus, increases in the thalamus and was not modified in the cerebral cortex and amygdaloid complex after sertraline alone. CCK mRNA content was unchanged in all investigated areas after stress plus sertraline compared to control rats. Copyright 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10196464&dopt=Abstract
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BACKGROUND: Recent reports suggest that adverse effects on sexual function occur in up to 50% of patients who are treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants. Previously cited low rates were more likely a function of underreporting than underoccurrence. There is less evidence about rates of dysfunction with serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) and reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA) antidepressants. The purpose of this report is to evaluate disturbances in sexual drive/desire and arousal/orgasm in 107 patients who met criteria for major depressive disorder and received treatment with either moclobemide, paroxetine, sertraline, or venlafaxine. METHOD: All consenting eligible patients who met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder completed the Sexual Functioning Questionnaire, version 1 (SFQ) and were assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) prior to and after 8 or 14 weeks of antidepressant therapy. Analyses were carried out to examine the effect of gender, drug type, pretreatment level of sexual dysfunction, and drug response on reported sexual dysfunction. RESULTS: Compared with women, men experienced a significantly greater level of drug-related impairment in drive/desire (p < .05), whereas there were no statistically significant differences in levels of arousal/orgasm impairment between men and women. The reported impairment in drive/desire items for men ranged from 38% to 50% and from 26% to 32% for women. No differences were found across the 4 antidepressants in men, whereas in women, rates of dysfunction were generally higher with sertraline and paroxetine, but only significantly so in comparison with moclobemide on some measures (p < .03). Rates of sexual dysfunction with venlafaxine tended to fall between those of SSRIs and the RIMA agent. An unexpected relationship was found between favorable drug response and a decreased level of drug-induced sexual dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction occurs in approximately 30% to 70% of patients who are treated with sertraline or paroxetine. Lower rates are reported with moclobemide and venlafaxine. Clinicians should evaluate the various aspects of sexual dysfunction before and during antidepressant therapy.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10830148&dopt=Abstract
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