Drugs online research references
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992 Oct;36(10):2304-9.
Azithromycin-induced block of elementary body formation in Chlamydia trachomatis.
Engel JN.
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
The mechanism of action of azithromycin on the murine strain of Chlamydia trachomatis grown in tissue culture epithelial cells is addressed. Azithromycin at a concentration of 100 ng/ml inhibits chlamydial growth in tissue culture, a value that agrees well with prior in vitro data from human strains of C. trachomatis grown in tissue culture. By morphological criteria, the block to chlamydial growth appears to occur early in its life cycle. Azithromycin is not directly toxic to chlamydial elementary bodies but does inhibit chlamydial protein synthesis in chlamydia-infected cells. This inhibition appears quite general in nature and is rapid. It is further shown that azithromycin does not directly inhibit mRNA synthesis. Azithromycin blocks chlamydial protein synthesis in host cell-free chlamydial reticulate bodies in a manner similar to its inhibition in infected cells, albeit at slightly higher concentrations. The inhibition of chlamydial protein synthesis following a brief exposure to azithromycin is more long lasting than that following a brief exposure to erythromycin.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1280057&dopt=Abstract
word match zithromax online literature
J Eval Clin Pract. 1999 Aug;5(3):283-95.
Systematic validation of disease models for pharmacoeconomic evaluations. Swiss HIV Cohort Study.
Sendi PP, Craig BA, Pfluger D, Gafni A, Bucher HC.
Internal Medicine Outpatient Department, University of Basel, Switzerland.
Pharmacoeconomic evaluations are often based on computer models which simulate the course of disease with and without medical interventions. The purpose of this study is to propose and illustrate a rigorous approach for validating such disease models. For illustrative purposes, we applied this approach to a computer-based model we developed to mimic the history of HIV-infected subjects at the greatest risk for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in Switzerland. The drugs included as a prophylactic intervention against MAC infection were azithromycin and clarithromycin. We used a homogenous Markov chain to describe the progression of an HIV-infected patient through six MAC-free states, one MAC state, and death. Probability estimates were extracted from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study database (1993-95) and randomized controlled trials. The model was validated testing for (1) technical validity (2) predictive validity (3) face validity and (4) modelling process validity. Sensitivity analysis and independent model implementation in DATA (PPS) and self-written Fortran 90 code (BAC) assured technical validity. Agreement between modelled and observed MAC incidence confirmed predictive validity. Modelled MAC prophylaxis at different starting conditions affirmed face validity. Published articles by other authors supported modelling process validity. The proposed validation procedure is a useful approach to improve the validity of the model.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10461580&dopt=Abstract
word match zithromax online literature
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2003 Jul;10(3):167-75.
Azithromycin treatment coverage in Tanzanian children using community volunteers.
Lynch M, West S, Munoz B, Frick KD, Mkocha HA.
Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
PURPOSE: To determine which of two village-based strategies was more effective at recruiting residents for a trachoma mass treatment campaign. METHODS: The two strategies were to use either village government personnel to recruit residents for treatment, or to solicit interested community volunteers to recruit residents. Three were villages assigned to each strategy, and the outcome measured was treatment coverage of individuals, group and the villages. RESULTS: Self-selected community volunteers were significantly more effective than village government personnel in recruiting villagers for antibiotic treatment (p <.0001). The differences were strongest for the group at highest risk for active trachoma, pre-school children; 73% of children in community volunteer villages were treated, compared to 63% in village government villages (p <.05). Children in villages using community volunteers and from larger families were more likely to be treated. CONCLUSION: These findings support using motivated community volunteers, rather than traditional government workers, for mass treatment campaigns where high coverage is necessary.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12815491&dopt=Abstract
word match zithromax online literature
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