Drugs online research references
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2003;17(4):342-50.
Analysis of unknown compounds in azithromycin bulk samples with liquid chromatography coupled to ion trap mass spectrometry.
Debremaeker D, Visky D, Chepkwony HK, Van Schepdael A, Roets E, Hoogmartens J.
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculteit Farmaceutische Wetenschappen, Laboratorium voor Farmaceutische Chemie en Analyse van Geneesmiddelen, E. Van Evenstraat 4, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
A selective reversed-phase liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS(n)) method is described for the identification of azithromycin impurities and related substances in commercial azithromycin samples. Mass spectral data are acquired on an LCQ ion trap mass spectrometer equipped with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface operated in positive ion mode. The LCQ provides on-line LC/MS(n) capability, making it ideally suited for identification purposes. In comparison with UV detection, this hyphenated technique provides as its main advantage efficient identification of novel substances without time-consuming isolation and purification procedures. Using this technique, six novel related substances detected in commercial azithromycin samples have been studied. Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12569445&dopt=Abstract
word match zithromax online literature
Am J Vet Res. 1999 Jul;60(7):880-3.
Use of a urea breath test to evaluate short-term treatments for cats naturally infected with Helicobacter heilmannii.
Neiger R, Seiler G, Schmassmann A.
Division of Gastroenterology Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate efficacy of 3 short-term treatments in cats naturally infected with Helicobacter heilmannii. ANIMALS: 29 cats infected with H heilmannii that had positive results for a urea breath test, rapid urease test, and Helicobacter species-specific polymerase chain reaction test. PROCEDURES: Cats anesthetized for routine surgical procedures were randomly allocated to 4 groups: group 1, control cats; group 2, cats treated with azithromycin, tinidazole, ranitidine, and bismuth once daily for 4 days; group 3, cats treated with clarithromycin, metronidazole, ranitidine, and bismuth twice daily for 4 days; and group 4, cats treated with clarithromycin, metronidazole, ranitidine, and bismuth twice daily for 7 days. Efficacy was determined on the basis of results of a urea breath test performed 10 and 42 days after end of treatment. RESULTS: Ten days after treatment, 0 of 4, 4 of 6, 11 of 11, and 8 of 8 cats in groups 1 to 4, respectively, had a negative result for a urea breath test. Forty-two days after treatment, 0 of 4, 3 of 6, 7 of 11, and 4 of 8 cats in groups 1 to 4, respectively, still had a negative result. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Treatments used in this study regularly suppressed breath 13CO2 production. However, although 23 of 25 (92%) cats had negative results for a urea breath test 10 days after treatment, only 14 of 25 (56%) cats still had negative results 42 days after treatment. It is difficult to achieve a definitive long-term cure in cats naturally infected with H heilmannii.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10407483&dopt=Abstract
word match zithromax online literature
Jpn J Antibiot. 2000 Jun;53 Suppl B:22-42.
[In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of azithromycin]
[Article in Japanese]
Miyazaki S, Yamaguchi K.
Department of Microbiology, Toho University School of Medicine.
In Vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of azithromycin were compared with those of macrolides and other antimicrobial agents. In the in vitro activity azithromycin has a potent activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but against the latter organisms the other macrolides have little potent activity. The in vitro results demonstrate that azithromycin has a high potent activity against respiratory pathogens such as erythromycin-susceptible staphylococci, streptococci (except for organisms possessing erm gene), H, influenzae, B. prtussis, Legionella spp., M. pneumoniae, C. trachomatis. In the pharmacokinetic of azithromycin in mice, it is found that its half life is longer than the other macrolides and the concentration of it in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lung tissues is higher than the other macrolides. These specific properties in the pharmacodynamic and the in vitro antibacterial activities reflect the therapeutic efficacies in experimental infection models. Finally, the therapeutic efficacies of azithromycin in various infection models better than those of the other macrolides.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12572087&dopt=Abstract
word match zithromax online literature
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