Drugs online research references
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2002 Oct;31(6):555-7.
[Systematic screening for Chlamydia trachomatis with the molecular biological AMP-CT test in urine samples from young women]
[Article in French]
Orfila J, Mention JE, Sueur JM, Chaigneau C.
Biobanque de Picardie, 16, rue Fernel, 80000 Amiens.
OBJECTIVE: We report the results of a systematic direct detection screening protocol for Chlamydia trachomatis in urine samples from young women. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study included 1026 patients aged 13 to 30 years. Urine samples were tested with a molecular biology assay: AMP-CT. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients (3.4%) were positive: 80% of the positive patients were aged less than 25 years, 48.6% less than 20 years. All these patients were treated and post treatment controls were negative. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that national screening programs for Chlamydia trachomatis could be beneficial for women aged between 15 and 25 years and that the "Calmat" law could be modified in consequence.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12407326&dopt=Abstract
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Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002 Sep;67(3):273-7.
Activity of azithromycin against Leishmania major in vitro and in vivo.
Krolewiecki A, Leon S, Scott P, Abraham D.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
Azithromycin, an azalide antibiotic of the macrolide family, concentrates in the tissues and especially in macrophages. Because Leishmania parasites reside in these cells, we tested this antibiotic for a possible antileishmanial activity in vitro and in vivo. Azithromycin decreased the Leishmania major promastigote count in cell-free cultures at log phase approximately 50-fold. In macrophage cultures infected with L. major amastigotes, azithromycin caused a significant decrease in parasite levels with an ED50 of 12 microg/ml. The activity in vivo was evaluated after infection of the footpads of susceptible BALB/cByJ mice and resistant C57BL/6J mice with L. major. Treatment of BALB/cByJ mice with azithromycin, 100 to 200 mg/kg/d, resulted in a significant decrease in lesion size and in the number of parasites per lesion, whereas no effect was seen in the treated C57BL/6J mice. Azithromycin has activity against L. major in vitro and in vivo. Given the severity of the disease and the limitations of the available therapeutic agents, azithromycin may have a significant role in the treatment of this group of diseases.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12408666&dopt=Abstract
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J Vasc Surg. 2002 Nov;36(5):1011-7.
Chlamydia pneumoniae antigens facilitate experimental aortic dilatation: prevention with azithromycin.
Tambiah J, Powell JT.
Imperial College at Charing Cross, London, United Kingdom.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Chlamydia pneumoniae (live, antigens, or polysaccharide) cause abdominal aortic aneurysm in a susceptible animal host with appropriate drug reversal. METHODS: At laparotomy, preparations of C pneumoniae (live, formalin-inactivated, and heat-inactivated) in calcium chloride were applied to the adventitial surface of the abdominal aorta of rabbits fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. Aortic diameter was measured with ultrasonography. After 3 weeks, immunohistochemistry was used to detect aortic C pneumoniae and macrophages. Presence of C pneumoniae DNA also was assessed. RESULTS: At high doses (5 x 10(7) organisms) periaortic application of both live and formalin-inactivated preparations resulted in doubling of aortic diameter after 3 weeks, from 2.0 +/- 0.5 mm to 4.3 +/- 1.3 mm (P <.02). C pneumoniae DNA and antigens, together with a heavy macrophage infiltrate, were detected in the dilated aorta. In contrast, periaortic application of heat-inactivated preparations resulted in minimal macrophage influx and aortic dilatation. Treatment of rabbits with azithromycin or carprofen for 10 days after laparotomy abolished the effects of formalin-inactivated C pneumoniae on aortic dilatation. Azithromycin reduced the number of macrophages in the aortic wall more effectively than carprofen. CONCLUSION: Because membrane antigenicity is retained in formalin-inactivated but not heat-inactivated organisms, in this experimental model, chlamydial membrane antigens (rather than live organisms) appear to cause the aneurysmal dilatation and associated macrophage recruitment. Azithromycin is likely to reverse these effects with an antiinflammatory mechanism.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12422113&dopt=Abstract
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