Drugs online research references
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002 May;49(5):763-7.
Effect of gemifloxacin on viability of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Chlamydophila pneumoniae) in an in vitro continuous infection model.
Kutlin A, Roblin PM, Hammerschlag MR.
Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Box 49, Brooklyn, NY 11203-2098, USA.
Persistent infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae (Chlamydophila pneumoniae) has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis, asthma and other chronic diseases. However, data on treatment of C. pneumoniae infections are limited. Microbiological failure of antimicrobial therapy has been described, even after prolonged courses of treatment with azithromycin, doxycycline and erythromycin. Gemifloxacin is an enhanced-affinity fluoroquinolone with excellent activity against most common respiratory pathogens, including C. pneumoniae. The effect of prolonged treatment with gemifloxacin, compared with azithromycin, on viability of C. pneumoniae was investigated in a continuous infection model. Gemifloxacin at final con-centrations of 0.25 and 2.5 mg/L reduced the viability of C. pneumoniae by 5 log(10), which was similar to the effect of azithromycin. However, both antimicrobials failed to completely eliminate C. pneumoniae from continuously infected cells, even after 30 days of treatment. Both antibiotics decreased levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in this model, but this effect appeared to be secondary to the antichlamydial activity, as the cytokine levels correlated with the concentrations of microorganisms.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12003969&dopt=Abstract
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J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002 May;49(5):857-61.
Intracellular activity of ABT-773 and other antimicrobial agents against Legionella pneumophila.
Jung R, Danziger LH, Pendland SL.
Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, CO, USA.
The intracellular activity of ABT-773 against Legionella pneumophila was compared with azithromycin and ciprofloxacin using HL-60 cells. Against L. pneumophila ATCC 33152 and three clinical isolates the MICs (mg/L) were ABT-773 0.015, ciprofloxacin 0.03 and azithromycin 0.03. At 48 h, the mean percentage inhibition was as follows: 28.5 +/- 5.9% and 32.6 +/- 4.6% at 8 x and 16 x MIC of ABT-773; 38.1 +/- 8.6% and 48.2 +/- 7.0% at 8 x and 16 x MIC of ciprofloxacin; and 26.3 +/- 9.9% and 28.5 +/- 9.9% at 8 x and 16 x MIC of azithromycin. In this study, all three agents were highly active, with ABT-773 demonstrating similar activity to azithromycin against L. pneumophila.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12003984&dopt=Abstract
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ujaen.es
The immunomodulatory properties of antimicrobial agents and their clinical impact have been the focus of worldwide interest in recent years. In this study, the effects of different treatments with 14-, 15- and 16-membered ring macrolides on the mitogen-induced proliferative response of lymphocytes and the splenic response to immunization with sheep erythrocytes have been tested by in vitro and ex vivo assays in a murine experimental model. We observed that the in vivo administration of these antibiotics to mice induces a compensatory mechanism that abrogates the suppression observed by in vitro assays. Thus, physiological parameters may be important when testing the immunopharmacological effects of antibiotics.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12039899&dopt=Abstract
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