Drugs online research references
med.toho-u.ac.jp
Azithromycin is an azalide with potent activity against Haemophilus influenzae including ampicillin-resistant strains. We evaluated the efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin and three beta -lactams when used for 1 day only and for 3 days for the treatment of a murine model of bronchopneumonia, using three strains of H. influenzae, two of which were ampicillin resistant. MICs of azithromycin (1-2 mg/L) and clarithromycin (4-8 mg/L) were similar for the three strains. The MICs of cefdinir and cefcapene for beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) H. influenzae were 32 times higher than those for beta-lactamase-positive ampicillin-resistant and ampicillin-susceptible strains. The viable counts in the infected tissues of azithromycin-treated mice with bronchopneumonia caused by the susceptible strain TUM8, beta-lactamase-positive strain TUH36 and BLNAR strain TUH267 were less than the counts obtained with the other antibiotics used, irrespective of MIC. At a dose of 50 mg/kg, the area under the concentration curve and the half-life of azithromycin in the lungs were respectively three times higher and six times longer than those of clarithromycin. Our results indicate that azithromycin may be useful for both ampicillin-susceptible and ampicillin-resistant bronchopneumonial infections caused by H. influenzae.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11533011&dopt=Abstract
word match zithromax online literature
yahoo.com
The possible cochlear toxicity of systemically applied macrolides--erythromycin (ER), azithromycin (AZ) and clarithromycin(CL)--was investigated in guinea pigs by measuring transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs). A single dose of 125 mg/kg intravenous (i.v.) ER caused no change in TEOAEs in guinea pigs (p>0.05), whereas AZ (45 mg/kg orally) and CL (75 mg/kg i.v.) reversibly reduced the emission response (p<0.05). The reversible reduction of TEOAE responses due to AZ and CL, which is in accordance with the clinical picture of AZ and CL ototoxicity, could likely be attributable to the transient dysfunction of outer hair cells. The present study reveals that at least one ototoxic effect of AZ and CL is on the inner ear. The results may also encourage planning clinical researches on TEOAE monitoring in patients receiving high doses of AZ or CL.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11535141&dopt=Abstract
word match zithromax online literature
hevanet.com
A ketolide (telithromycin), an azalide (azithromycin) and a macrolide (erythromycin) were tested against 2,733 isolates of gram-positive cocci gathered from 11 different medical centers. Telithromycin was active against erythromycin-resistant staphylococci that were susceptible to clindamycin but was not active against those that were resistant to clindamycin. More than 99% of all Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes isolates were susceptible to 1 microg/ml of telithromycin including erythromycin- and azithromycin-resistant strains. Telithromycin was not only more potent than azithromycin against macrolide-susceptible strains, it was also active against most macrolide-resistant strains. Although the prevalence of macrolide-resistant pneumococci increased from 19% to 27% between 1997 and 1999, macrolide resistance among other gram-positive cocci did not change substantially in that 2-year period.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11561807&dopt=Abstract
word match zithromax online literature
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||