Drugs online research references
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 1998 Sep;21(9):538-40.
[Inhibitory activity of azithromycin on biofilm synthesis and synergism between azithromycin and fleroxacin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa in biofilms]
[Article in Chinese]
Fang X, Liu Y, Chen Q, Wangrui.
Department of Pulmonary Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853.
OBJECTIVE: The influence of azithromycin (AZT) on the production of glycocalyx (GLX) from P. aeruginosa biofilms and synergism of antibacterial activities between AZT and fleroxacin (FLX) on P. aeruginosa were investigated. METHOD: GLX production was measured by using a L-tryptophan method and viable counts in biofilms was determined by using a methylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium(MTT) method. RESULT: GLX production was reduced significantly from 28.0 +/- 8.1 micrograms/ml at 0MIC to 21.8 +/- 8.2 micrograms/ml at 1/16MIC and 16.7 +/- 7.9 micrograms/ml at 1/4MIC respectively (P = 0.0002). 1/16MIC and 1/4MIC AZT showed no bactericidal activities to P. Aeruginosa in biofilms. Viable counts in biofilms were 6.2 +/- 0.61 Lg/cm2 at 0MIC, 6.1 +/- 0.4 Lg/cm2 at 1/16MIC and 6.2 +/- 0.4 Lg CFU/cm2 at 1/4 MIC respectively (P = 0.63). However, AZT could enhance bactericidal activity of FLX on P. aeruginosa in biofilms. When 1/4MIC FLX was combined with 1/16MIC and 1/4 MIC AZT, viable counts were reduced significantly from 6.1 +/- 0.5 Lg CFU/cm2 to 5.9 +/- 0.3 Lg CFU/cm2 and 5.8 +/- 0.4 Lg CFU/cm2 respectively (P = 0.02). When 1/2MIC FLX was combined with 1/16MIC and 1/4MICAZT, viable counts were reduced significantly from 6.3 +/- 0.7 Lg CFU/cm2 to 5.8 +/- 0.5 LgCFU/cm2 and 5.7 +/- 0.6 Lg CFU/cm2 respectively (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Because AZT did not have direct bactericidal activities on P. aeruginosa in biofilms but could inhibit GLX production, We considered that AZT could enhance antibacterial activities of FLX by enhancing permeability of FLX into biofilms.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11360505&dopt=Abstract
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uthct.edu
We investigated the effects of azithromycin and clarithromycin, two antibiotics that possess a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity (including antimycobacterial activity), on interleukin-8 (IL-8) release from human whole blood leucocytes and lung macrophages. Ex vivo stimulation of leukocytes with either of the antibiotics (0.04-40 mg/L) significantly increased IL-8 secretion. Incubation of alveolar macrophages with different concentrations of azithromycin or clarithromycin modified IL-8 production: it increased at a drug concentration of 4 mg/L and decreased at concentration of 400 mg/L. Our findings suggest that azithromycin and clarithromycin may alter IL-8 production, thus enhancing the clinical effectiveness of these antibiotics.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11389120&dopt=Abstract
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Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2001 Mar-Apr;34(2):203-5.
[Experimental infection in mice by Plasmodium berghei: an evidence of antiparasitic action of azithromycin]
[Article in Portuguese]
Gakiya E, Braz LM, Amato Neto V, Bezerra RC.
Laboratorio de Parasitologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Infections of Plasmodium berghei in mice was stopped by azithromycin which was administered orally in dosages of 100mg/kg, for 28 days. This antibiotic was given since the same day that the animals were infected. The outcome suggests the necessity of more investigations on this antiparasitic activity.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11391444&dopt=Abstract
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