Drugs online research references
J Clin Pharmacol. 1989 Jan;29(1):25-32.
The antihypertensive response to lisinopril: the effect of age in a predominantly black population.
Cummings DM, Amadio P Jr, Taylor EJ Jr, Balaban DJ, Rocci ML Jr, Abrams WB, Feinberg J, Vlasses PH.
Department of Family Medicine, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University.
After a 2-4 week no-treatment period, 24 patients (12 young, age 29-45 yr.; 12 elderly, age 65-81 yr.; 20 black, 4 white) with an untreated sitting diastolic blood pressure between 91-120 mm Hg received the nonsulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril for three weeks in a singleblind, parallel group comparison. Patients who did not achieve goal blood pressure with the initial low-dose (10 mg/day) were treated with a high-dose regimen (40 mg/day) for three weeks. In those who remained incompletely responsive, hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg/day was added for four weeks in an attempt to normalize blood pressure (less than or equal to 90 mm Hg). Low-dose lisinopril monotherapy produced comparable reductions in the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures (approximately -15/-8 mm Hg in both younger and older patients). Increasing the dose produced a slightly greater fall in mean blood pressures which normalized the blood pressure in five of six elderly patients unresponsive to the lower dose; addition of hydrochlorothiazide normalized three of the five remaining subjects from both groups who were unresponsive to high dose lisinopril. Lisinopril administration resulted in a rise in plasma renin activity and a fall in plasma aldosterone concentrations which were similar in both groups and which returned over time toward the baseline. The drug was well tolerated, producing one episode of symptomatic hypotension following the addition of hydrochlorothiazide to lisinopril monotherapy. Lisinopril alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide produces favorable antihypertensive effects in both younger and older predominantly black, low-renin patients with essential hypertension.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2540224&dopt=Abstract
word match zestril online literature
Chest. 1989 Jul;96(1):74-9.
Comparison of antihypertensive therapies by noninvasive techniques.
Graettinger WF, Lipson JL, Klein RC, Cheung DG, Weber MA.
Hypertension Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Long Beach, California 90822.
We compared the antihypertensive effects of the beta-blocker atenolol and the converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril during 12 weeks of treatment in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Atenolol (n = 10) significantly decreased conventionally measured blood pressure from 144/103 to 135/93 mm Hg and lisinopril (n = 9) from 150/104 to 130/92 mm Hg. Based on data derived from automated 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, atenolol decreased the average whole-day systolic pressure by 18 +/- 6 mm Hg (p less than 0.02) and the diastolic pressure by 11 +/- 2 mm Hg (p less than 0.01). Lisinopril produced decreases of 27 +/- 5 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) and 13 +/- 2 mm Hg (p less than 0.001). Examination of the 24-h blood pressure patterns showed that the efficacies of the two drugs were similar. Each appeared to be effective throughout the whole-day monitoring period, although only lisinopril significantly decreased blood pressure during the final four-h period (4 AM to 8 AM) preceding the next day's dose. Neither drug produced significant echocardiographic changes in left ventricular wall thickness or muscle mass during the short-term treatment. Lisinopril and atenolol effectively decrease blood pressure during a 24-h period. Moreover, we found that automated whole-day blood pressure monitoring is a useful tool for comparing the efficacy and duration of action of differing antihypertensive agents.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2544352&dopt=Abstract
word match zestril online literature
Endocrinology. 1989 Jul;125(1):486-91.
Production of renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone by adrenal explant cultures: response to potassium and converting enzyme inhibition.
Shier DN, Kusano E, Stoner GD, Franco-Saenz R, Mulrow PJ.
Department of Medicine, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43699.
The existence of renin in a number of extrarenal tissues has been well documented, but the physiological role of extrarenal renin remains unknown. To study the physiological role of adrenal renin, we developed a serum-free culture system for adrenal capsular/zona glomrulosa explants. Explants showed good viability in culture (greater than 80%), and demonstrated net production of aldosterone, angiotensin II, and prorenin. Aldosterone production was consistently stimulated by an increase in potassium (6 mM) in the culture medium. Both aldosterone and angiotensin II production could be attenuated by adding the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril to the culture medium (0.1 mM). These data suggest that rat adrenal explants are capable of producing all of the components of a functional renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and that these components can interact in response to physiological stimuli. These findings support the hypothesis that a local adrenal renin system may play a physiological role in the control of adrenal aldosterone production.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2544410&dopt=Abstract
word match zestril online literature
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