Drugs online research references
J Clin Psychiatry. 1983 May;44(5 Pt 2):157-62.
Long-term preventive care in depression: the use of bupropion in patients intolerant of other antidepressants.
Gardner EA.
The safety and efficacy of bupropion in the preventive care of depression was studied in a long-term open trial. Forty patients from an active general psychiatric practice which emphasizes the treatment of affective disorders have been followed for an average of 336 days (range, 44-791) and seen at least monthly for evaluation with the Hamilton Depression Scale, Zung Self-Rating Scales for Depression and Anxiety, Clinical Global Impression Scale and an adverse reaction report form. One third of the patients had received a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and 50% a diagnosis of recurrent major depressive disorder by DSM-III criteria; all patients were intolerant of tricyclic and other antidepressants. Although several patients were not severely depressed when placed on bupropion, there was a significant improvement on the Zung Self-Rating Scales. There was a striking reduction in the frequency and intensity of adverse reactions, particularly anticholinergic effects, appetite and weight gain, and sexual dysfunction, compared to tricyclics. Also, there were no cardiovascular changes and no physical, ECG, EEG, or laboratory evidence of toxicity. Bupropion represents a significant advance in the treatment of depression, particularly for patients who require long-term preventive care and in whom adverse reactions, which might be tolerated in acute treatment, may lead to noncompliance.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6406449&dopt=Abstract
word match wellbutrin online literature
Pharmacopsychiatry. 1990 Jul;23(4):187-94.
Antidepressant profile of bupropion and three metabolites in mice.
Martin P, Massol J, Colin JN, Lacomblez L, Puech AJ.
Departement de Pharmacologie, Faculte de Medicine Pite-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Bupropion is a novel antidepressant, distinct from tricyclic antidepressants both neurochemically and behaviorally. Bupropion forms several metabolites in both rodents and humans. Three chemically different molecules - BW 306, BW 494, and BW 287 - were selected. Comparative assessment of antidepressant activity of bupropion and its metabolites in mice, and pharmacological analysis of possible mechanisms of action of the parent drug and its metabolites (using interaction studies with pimozide, D,L-propranolol, and prazosin) were carried out. The results obtained show that: bupropion has a pharmacological spectrum in various animal models which predicts both antidepressant and stimulatory activity in man. BW 306 is the most active of the metabolites studied and, compared to bupropion, seems more "antidepressant" and less stimulant. BW 494, compared to bupropion or BW 306, has a lower degree of activity in various tests used to evaluate antidepressants. BW 287 has no effect in any of the tests used in this study. The interaction studies with pimozide, D,L-propranolol, and prazosin in the various tests have shown that: the stimulatory effect of bupropion, BW 306, and BW 494 is antagonized by both pimozide and prazosin. in the behavioral despair test, the reduction in the duration of immobility by bupropion and BW 494 is antagonized by pimozide, but not by prazosin or D,L-propranolol. the antagonism of reserpine-induced hypothermia by bupropion and BW 306 is significantly decreased by prazosin and D,L-propranolol, but not by pimozide. These data suggest that the clinical antidepressant profile (without a major stimulatory effect) observed in man after administration of bupropion is related to metabolite BW 306 and possibly to BW 494, rather than to bupropion itself.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2116631&dopt=Abstract
word match wellbutrin online literature
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1981 Nov;15(5):743-6.
Drug alterations of punished responding after chlordiazepoxide: possible screen for agents useful in minimal brain dysfunction.
Pappas BA, Vogel RA, Wilson JH, Mueller RA, Breese GR.
In the present study, the effect of various stimulant drugs on the action of chlordiazepoxide to increase punished responding was studied. Drugs such as d-amphetamine, methylphenidate and imipramine that are effective in attentional deficit disorder (MBD) were found to reverse this benzodiazepine-induced increase in responding. Phenobarbital which worsens this condition enhanced the benzodiazepine effect. Since the impairment caused by chlordiazepoxide may be analogous to the lack of impulse control noted in MBD, the bupropion antagonism of this action of chlordiazepoxide suggests that bupropion may be useful in MBD.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6796972&dopt=Abstract
word match wellbutrin online literature
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||