Drugs online research references
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1986;90(4):436-40.
Antagonism of the behavioral effects of cocaine and d-amphetamine by prazosin.
Tessel RE, Barrett JE.
Key pecking by pigeons was maintained under a 30-response fixed-ratio schedule of food delivery; lever pressing by squirrel monkeys was maintained under a 3-min fixed-interval schedule of food delivery. Administered alone, d-amphetamine (0.1-3.0 mg/kg), cocaine (1.0-3.0 mg/kg) and bupropion (1.0-30 mg/kg) either did not affect or decreased fixed-ratio responding of pigeons, whereas d-amphetamine (0.056-0.3 mg/kg) either increased or decreased (0.56 mg/kg) responding of monkeys maintained under the fixed-interval schedule. Prazosin, a selective centrally-active alpha 1 antagonist, produced a dose-dependent reversal of the rate-decreasing effects of d-amphetamine and cocaine but not of bupropion on fixed-ratio responding in pigeons. Prazosin also reversed both the rate-increasing and rate-decreasing effects of d-amphetamine on fixed-interval responding of squirrel monkeys. In contrast, the non-selective alpha-antagonist phentolamine enhanced d-amphetamine-induced decreases in fixed-ratio responding. These findings suggest that the behavioral effects of d-amphetamine and cocaine are produced at least in part by activation of central alpha 1 receptors. Prazosin may be a useful tool for better understanding the mechanisms through which cocaine, amphetamine, and other abused stimulant drugs exert their potent behavioral effects.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3101098&dopt=Abstract
word match wellbutrin online literature
Xenobiotica. 1987 Mar;17(3):287-98.
Pharmacological significance of the species differences in bupropion metabolism.
Welch RM, Lai AA, Schroeder DH.
Bupropion provided a dose-dependent prevention of tetrabenazine-induced sedation in mice but not rats. Bupropion was extensively metabolized in mice, rats, dogs and man. About 85% of the dose was excreted in urine of rats and man. The predominant metabolites in rat urine were side chain cleavage products of bupropion (m-chlorobenzoic acid) with a minor fraction consisting of basic side chain hydroxylated metabolites. Mice, dogs and man form a major side chain hydroxylated product (BW 306U) which appeared in higher concentration than bupropion in plasma of these species but not rats. The relatively high plasma levels of BW 306U in mice but not rats may account for the species difference in pharmacological response observed with bupropion.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3107223&dopt=Abstract
word match wellbutrin online literature
Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Apr;148(4):512-6.
Cardiovascular effects of bupropion in depressed patients with heart disease.
Roose SP, Dalack GW, Glassman AH, Woodring S, Walsh BT, Giardina EG.
New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York.
OBJECTIVE: The cardiovascular effects of therapeutic plasma levels of tricyclic antidepressants in depressed patients with and without preexisting cardiac disease have been well characterized and include orthostatic hypotension and conduction delay. Bupropion, structurally unrelated to tricyclic antidepressants, is relatively free of cardiac side effects in depressed patients without cardiac disease. However, it is unknown whether bupropion is safe for depressed patients with preexisting heart disease, so the authors studied the cardiovascular effects of bupropion in such patients. METHOD: The subjects were 36 inpatients with DSM-III major depression and preexisting left ventricular impairment (N = 15), ventricular arrhythmias (N = 15), and/or conduction disease (N = 21). The patients continued their cardiac drug regimens and received bupropion for 3 weeks (mean +/- SD dose = 442 +/- 47 mg/day). Cardiovascular functioning was measured by pulse, blood pressure, high-speed ECG, 24-hour portable ECG, and radionuclide angiography. RESULTS: Although bupropion caused a rise in supine blood pressure, it did not cause significant conduction complications, did not exacerbate ventricular arrhythmias, had a low rate of orthostatic hypotension, and had no effect on pulse rate. However, bupropion treatment was discontinued for 14% of the patients because of adverse effects, including exacerbation of baseline hypertension in two patients. CONCLUSIONS: The cardiovascular profile of bupropion may make this drug a useful agent in the treatment of the depressed patient with preexisting cardiovascular disease. Further studies, with longer durations of bupropion treatment and more subjects, are needed to confirm these findings.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1900980&dopt=Abstract
word match wellbutrin online literature
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||