Drugs online research references
Exp Clin Endocrinol. 1992;99(1):12-7.
Pharmacokinetics of ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel after administration of two oral contraceptive preparations.
Carol W, Klinger G, Jager R, Kasch R, Brandstadt A.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Friedrich Schiller University, Medical School, Jena, Germany.
Serum concentration profiles and pharmacokinetic parameters (cmax, tmax, AUC24, AUC0-00, MRT) of ethinylestradiol (EE2) and levonorgestrel (LNG) were obtained following administration of two combined oral contraceptives. The constituents of the preparations were as follows: Gravistat (0.05 mg EE2, 0.125 mg LNG); Minisiston (0.03 mg EE2, 0.125 mg LNG). In 20 of the volunteers blood samples were taken before and up to 36 hours following the intake of a single table. In 11 women the investigation was carried out at day 21 of a treatment cycle (steady-state condition). In spite of pronounced interindividual variations of the pharmacokinetic data, a clear dependency of EE2 concentration curves on the estrogen dose of the respective preparation could be demonstrated. Under the condition of steady-state (21st day of administration) there was a slight but significant rise of the EE2 peak serum concentrations and a pronounced increase of the LNG levels, closely reflected by elevation of the AUC values. SHBG serum concentration was significantly increased by the 10th day of treatment in all subjects receiving Gravistat, whereas the mean value in the Minisiston-group did not remarkably change. Although LNG is known to be bound to SHBG with high affinity, the missing parallelism between LNG- and SHBG-concentrations suggests other (additional?) mechanisms for the elevated LNG-binding capacity in women taking combined EE2-LNG preparations.
PIP: Serum concentration profiles and pharmacokinetic parameters of ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and levonorgestrel (LNG) were obtained after administration of 2 combined oral contraceptives (OCs). The constituents of the preparations were as follows: Gravistat (0.05 mg EE2, 0.125 mg LNG); Minisiston (0.03 mg EE2, 0.125 mg LNG). Blood samples were taken before and up to 36 hours after intake of a single tablet by 20 volunteers. In 11 women, the investigation was conducted on day 21 of a treatment cycle (steady-state condition). In spite of pronounced interindividual variations of the pharmacokinetic data, a clear dependency of EE2 concentration curves on estrogen dose of the respective preparation could be demonstrated. With the condition of steady-state (21st day of administration), there was a slight but significant rise of EE2 peak serum concentrations and a pronounced increase in LNG levels, closely reflected by the elevation of the area under curve values. Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) serum concentration was significantly increased by day 10 of treatment in all those receiving Gravistat, whereas the mean value in the Minisiston group did not change remarkably. Although LNG is known to be bound to SHBG with high affinity, the missing parallelism between LNG and SHBG concentrations suggests other, possibly additional, mechanisms for the elevated LNG-binding capacity in those women taking combined EE2-LNG preparations. author's modified
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1628691&dopt=Abstract
word match triphasil online literature
Jpn J Cancer Res. 1992 Jun;83(6):576-83.
Modulatory influence of oral contraceptive pills Ovral and Noracycline on 3-methylcholanthrene-induced carcinogenesis in the uterine cervix of mouse.
Hussain SP, Rao AR.
Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
The present study reports the modulatory influences of combined oral contraceptive formulations, Ovral (0.05 mg ethinylestradiol plus 0.5 mg norgestrel per pill) and Noracycline (0.05 mg ethinylestradiol plus 0.1 mg lynestrenol per pill), on methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced carcinogenesis in the uterine cervix of Swiss albino mouse. Placement of cotton thread impregnated with beeswax containing approximately 300 micrograms of MCA yielded cervical tumors in 0.0%, 8.6% and 26% animals, respectively, in 30, 60 and 90 days. Concomitant treatments with doses D1 (1/2000th of a pill), D2 (1/200th of a pill) and D3 (1/20th of a pill) of Ovral yielded cervical tumors in 0.0%, 0.0% and 4.5% mice at 30 days, 0.0%, 6.2% and 10% mice at 60 days and in 3.3% (P less than 0.05), 3.4% (P less than 0.05) and 47% mice at 90 days, respectively. Likewise, concomitant treatments with doses D1 (1/2000th of a pill), D2 (1/200th of a pill) and D3 (1/20th of a pill) of Noracycline yielded cervical tumors in 0.0%, 0.0%, 16.6% mice at 30 days, 4%, 3.7% and 54% (P less than 0.05) mice at 60 days and 3.2% (P less than 0.05), 20% and 63% (P less than 0.05) of mice at 90 days, respectively. Both Ovral and Noracycline displayed biphasic action on MCA-induced cervical carcinogenesis in mice. At lower dose levels (D1 and D2), they were inhibitory while at the higher dose level (D3) they were augmentatory in their actions. Both pills also significantly enhanced the incidence of cervical hyperplasia.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1644661&dopt=Abstract
word match triphasil online literature
Zentralbl Gynakol. 1991;113(24):1399-402.
[Hormonal contraception and focal nodular hyperplasia]
[Article in German]
Wedig MP, Altmann C.
Abteilung fur Rheumatologie, Marienhospitals Herne.
Hormonal contraceptives of the first generation don't have any causal influence on preexistent focal nodular liver hyperplasias, but stimulate their growth. Precondition for tumourus progression of these benign liver neoplasias is a long time pill intake. The pathogenetic mechanism for the growth of liver liver all adenomas is sure if there was a longer application of contraceptive pills containing mestranol. Characteristics of these rare tumours (incidence 3 to 4 per 100,000) are a high female prevalence of 90 to 100 per cent and a regression of little neoplasias after stopping the contraceptives. This a history of 14 years on the pill and a focal nodular hyperplasia of 8 x 6 x 4 cms.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1667053&dopt=Abstract
word match triphasil online literature
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||