Drugs online research references
Contracept Technol Update. 1993 Mar;14(3):33-6, 39.
Postcoital pills could cut unplanned pregnancies by half.
[No authors listed]
PIP: Women who do not have contraindications for oral contraceptives (OCs) and have experienced failure of their contraceptive method or used no contraceptive at all an use emergency postcoital contraceptive pills (ECPs). In fact, if used correctly, they could prevent 1.7 million unplanned pregnancies each year which is 50% lower than such pregnancies which already occur each year. They could also reduce the number of annual induced abortions by 50% from (1.6 million to 800,000). Various postcoital treatments in the US are 2 pills of Ovral within 72 hours of intercourse then 2 more pills 12 hours later and 4 pills of either Lo/Ovral, Nordette, Levlen, Triphasil, or Tri-Levlen followed by 4 more pills 12 hours later. Some gynecologists contend that any low-dose combined OC could be used as an ECP, but not study proves this. Besides, providers who do so risk a malpractice suit, because postcoital contraception is not on OC labels. An attorney suggests using OCs only for an emergency and to document all attempts at informed consent. Many children and clinicians have limited or no knowledge about ECPs. Those health providers who are familiar with them tend not to prescribe them because they fear legal actions. ECP side effects include severe nausea or vomiting, headache, breast tenderness,, dizziness, and fluid retention. These effects are not as great as the health risks of unplanned pregnancies, however. Yet, they are unpleasant enough to discourage repeated ECP use. Use of different methods of determining the number of pregnancies has resulted in broad ECP effectiveness rates (0-96% and 56-94%). Another analysis using combined data from the studies yielding the various results shows the effectiveness rate to be 75%. Anti-abortion groups may object to ECP use, just as they do for RU-486 which has fewer side effects, because one of its mechanisms of preventing pregnancy is it prevents implantation.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12318083&dopt=Abstract
word match triphasil online literature
Contracept Technol Update. 1989 Oct;10(10):133-8.
Norgestrel, increased lipids: fact or "marketing monster"?
[No authors listed]
PIP: There is a controversy over whether norgestrel containing triphasic oral contraceptives have adverse lipid effects compared to those containing norethindrone. 2 unpublished studies document a significant increase in low-density lipoprotein (about 15 mg/dl), and an insignificant decrease in high density lipoprotein (about 8 or 9 mg/dl). Some physicians feel that this information is enough to stop prescribing any contraceptives containing norgestrel or levonorgestrel. Pills with norgestrel marketed in the U.S. are: Ovral, Lo/Ovral, Nordette, Ovrette, Triphasil, Levlen and Tri-Levlen. Others note that no adverse effects on human epidemiological statistics or atherosclerotic findings in primates have been seen with norgestrel-estrogen combinations. Furthermore, norgestrel provides better control over breakthrough bleeding than does norethindrone in combined formulations.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12342586&dopt=Abstract
word match triphasil online literature
Contracept Technol Update. 1992 Oct;13(10):149-53.
Experts debate pill switching to combat noncompliance. Special report: annual pill survey.
[No authors listed]
PIP: Oral contraceptive (OCs) users continue to complain of side effects such as headaches, mood swings, and weight gain, and switch pill formulations. Questionnaires for an annual oral contraceptive survey were mailed to subscribers in the May 1992 issue of Contraceptive Technology Update (CTU) 137 of 1600 surveys mailed were returned for a response rate of 8.5%. 64% of the respondents were nurse practitioners, 19% were physicians, 7% were physician assistants, 5% were registered nurses, and 5% were other types of providers. OC users tend to blame headaches, mood swings, or gaining weight on the pills. The CTU survey found that more than 60% of health care providers would advocate switching to a lower-dose estrogen pill or to a progestin-only pill for headaches and mood swings. For weight gain their first choice of treatment would be counseling about life style changes. 50-60% of American women discontinue OCs in the first year, mainly because of side effects such as breakthrough bleeding, headaches, nausea, weight gain, and acne. 89% of respondents said few women had sever, recurring headaches, but should that occur 66% of respondents would change to a lower-dose estrogen pill. Only 9% of respondents would recommend relaxation exercises and analgesics. 67% of respondents would change the pill formulation before suggesting a life style change when patients complain about mood swings. Ortho Novum 7/7/7 was the pill of choice for 61% of survey respondents, and Triphasil was the 2nd choice by 43%. An international group of physicians recommended that manufacturers, physicians, and OC providers take the lead in providing patients with acceptable counseling concerning correct OC use.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12344722&dopt=Abstract
word match triphasil online literature
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