Drugs online research references
Oncology. 1995 Jan-Feb;52(1):32-4.
Modulatory influence of the oral contraceptive pill, Ovral, on 3-methylcholanthrene-induced carcinogenesis in the uterus of mouse.
Chhabra SK, Kaur S, Rao AR.
Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
The present study examines the modulatory influence of the combined oral contraceptive pill, Ovral (0.05 mg ethynylestradiol plus 0.25 mg levonorgestrel per pill) on methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced carcinogenesis in the uterus of Swiss albino mouse. Placement of cotton thread impregnated with beeswax containing approximately 600 micrograms of MCA, yielded endometrial squamous cell carcinomas in 53.33% animals in 90 days. Concomitant treatments with doses D1 (1/200th of a pill) and D2 (1/200th of a pill) of Ovral yielded endometrial squamous cell carcinomas in 6.23 and 0% of animals in 90 days (p < 0.05; p < 0.005) respectively. Ovral did not seem to increase the incidence of uterine hyperplasia.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7800339&dopt=Abstract
word match triphasil online literature
Contracept Technol Update. 1987 Sep;8(9):109-12.
ON 7/7/7 is first choice for 60% of CTU survey respondents.
[No authors listed]
PIP: A survey of oral contraceptives prescribed by readers of Contraceptive Technology Update in 1987 reports that triphasics are first choice among 75% for new pill patients. Brands preferred were ON 7/7/7 (Ortho Pharmaceuticals) by 60%, Triphasil (Wyeth Laboratories) by 10%, and Trinorinyl (Syntex) by 5%. In 1986, 55% chose triphasics as first choice. Reasons for the increase are aggressive advertising, increased clinical experience with the products, and lower prices. Two practitioners were quoted as switching to triphasics because of their low dose, and more clinical experience with triphasics. Two others preferred norethindrone preparations because they felt the progestin is tolerated better than levonorgestrel. New packaging for ON 7/7/7 which codes each week by color was considered simpler to use by one physician, but another disliked the package instructions to start a course of pills on Sunday, compromising the effectiveness of the whole first cycle of pills. Price was important for this sample of respondents, which included many doctors working in clinics with purchasing contracts with Ortho, or with clients for whom price was a serious consideration.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12268910&dopt=Abstract
word match triphasil online literature
Contraception. 1994 Aug;50(2):175-83.
Modulatory influence of oral contraceptives on mammary growth pattern of normal and ovariectomised mice.
Ecavade A, Rao AR.
Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
The present study reports the modulatory influence of oral contraceptive formulations, Ovral (0.05 mg ethinylestradiol plus 0.5 mg norgestrel per pill), Noracycline (0.05 mg ethinylestradiol plus 0.1 mg lynestrenol per pill), Pearl (0.03 mg ethinylestradiol plus 0.30 mg norgestrel) and Centchroman (30 mg), on the growth and developmental pattern of murine mammary epithelium in normal as well as ovariectomised mice. Oral treatments of ovariectomised mice for 15 days with doses D1 (1/5th of a pill) and D2 (1/10th of a pill) of Ovral, Noracycline and Pearl enhanced the diameter of the terminal end buds (TEBS) and lateral buds (LBS) significantly. The increase in the diameters of TEBS and LBS on treatment with similar doses of Centchroman were not much significant. Hence, it may be concluded from the present study that the growth and development pattern of mammary epithelium can be modulated by treatment with oral contraceptives Oral, Noracycline, Pearl and Centchroman which is indicated by the increase in the diameters of TEBS and LBS.
PIP: In India, researchers at Jawahar Lal Nehru University in New Delhi compared data on 80 bilaterally ovariectomized 4-5 week old virgin mice with data on 10 nonovariectomized age- and sex-matched controls to examine the modulatory influence of various combined oral contraceptives (OCs) on the growth and developmental pattern of mammary epithelium. The experimental groups of 10 mice each received either 20% or 10% of an OC pill administered orally for 15 days. The OC formulations included Ovral (.05 mg ethinyl estradiol [EE2]+ .5 mg norgestrel), Noracycline (.05 mg EE2 + .1 lynestrenol), Pearl (.03 EE2 + .3 norgestrel), and Centchroman (a nonsteroidal contraceptive, 30 mg). Ovral, Noracycline, and Pearl at both doses increased the diameter of the terminal end buds and lateral buds of ovariectomized and nonovariectomized mice (p .0000001). Even though Centchroman also enhanced the diameter of the terminal end buds and lateral buds, the increase was not significant. These findings show that combined OCs do modulate the growth and developmental pattern of mammary epithelium. They lead us to question whether OCs might also increase the risk of breast cancer. In fact, many epidemiological studies demonstrate an increase in the risk of breast cancer among OC users.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7956216&dopt=Abstract
word match triphasil online literature
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