Drugs online research references
Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2003 Aug;28(4):382-4.
[Serum nitric oxide and D-dimer before and after administering antihypertensive drugs in essential hypertension]
[Article in Chinese]
Zhang WR, Sun M, Luo JK.
Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship among serum nitric oxide, D-dimer, blood pressure, dangerous states and target organ damage in essential hypertension and to evaluate the effects of enalapril and terazosin. METHODS: Fifty-five patients were randomized into the enalapril group and terazosin group, each group receiving enalapril and terazosin respectively for 8 weeks. Serum nitric oxide and D-dimer were measured before and after the treatment. RESULTS: Serum nitric oxide was lower (P < 0.001) but D-dimer was higher (P < 0.01) in the hypertensions than those in the controls. Serum nitric oxide and D-dimer were related to different levels of blood pressure, dangerous states and target organ damage; Both enalapril and terazosin could reduce the level of blood pressure; Both could increase the serum nitric oxide (P < 0.001) and decrease the D-dimer(P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Endothelial dysfunction and microthrombin can be found in the early stage of essential hypertension. Both enalapril and terazosin could improve the endothelial function and prothrombotic state by promoting the synthesis of nitric oxide.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14653123&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - in process]
nyu.edu
Brain alpha1-adrenoceptors have been shown to be essential for motor activity and movement in mice using intraventricular injection of alpha1-antagonists. To facilitate subsequent neuroanatomical mapping of these receptors, the present study was undertaken to replicate these effects in the rat. Rats were administered the alpha1-antagonist, terazosin, in the absence and presence of the alpha1-agonist, phenylephrine, in the IVth ventricle and were tested for their motor activity responses to an environmental change. Terazosin was found to produce a dose-dependent, virtually complete cessation of behavioral activity that was reversed by coinfusion of phenylephrine. The results could not be explained by sedation. It is concluded that central alpha1-adrenoceptors are essential for behavioral activation in rats as in mice.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14665423&dopt=Abstract
physiology.umsmed.edu
Acute studies have shown that MC3/4-R stimulation increases sympathetic activity, but the role of adrenergic activation in mediating the cardiovascular and renal responses to chronic melanocortin 3- and 4-receptor (MC3/4-R) activation is unknown. The present study tested whether chronic MC3/4-R activation raises blood pressure and whether these changes are attenuated by alpha1+beta-adrenergic blockade. Rats were instrumented with an intracerebroventricular (ICV) cannula and arterial and venous catheters for measurements of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) 24 hours per day, and intravenous infusions. After control measurements, rats were intravenously infused with either saline vehicle (n=7) or alpha1+ beta-adrenergic antagonists (n=6, terazosin+propranolol, 10 mg/kg per day each) for 21 days. Five days after starting the vehicle or adrenergic blockade, the MC3/4-R agonist, MTII (10 ng/h), was infused ICV for 11 days followed by a 5-day recovery period. Another group of rats was infused with the adrenergic antagonists for 21 days but received the saline vehicle ICV for 11 days (n=7). MC3/4-R activation decreased food intake from 21+/-1 to 8+/-2 g/d by day 3 of MC3/4-R activation, and increased MAP and HR by an average of 8+/-2 mm Hg and 9+/-5 bpm, respectively. Adrenergic blockade did not alter the MC3/4-R-mediated decrease in food intake but abolished the increases in MAP and HR (1+/-2 mm Hg and -12+/-5 bpm, respectively, compared with control). ICV vehicle infusion during adrenergic blockade did not alter food intake or MAP. Glomerular filtration rate was unchanged in both the vehicle-infused and adrenergic blocked rats during MC3/4-R activation. These results indicate that the chronic actions of MC3/4-R activation on MAP and HR are mediated by adrenergic activation.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14707160&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - in process]
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