Drugs online research references
Neuroreport. 1990 Sep;1(1):61-4.
Cholinergic blockade in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus disrupts short-term memory in rats.
Dunnett SB, Wareham AT, Torres EM.
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK.
The muscarinic antagonist scopolamine was injected into the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats that were well trained in an operant delayed non-matching to position task. Cholinergic antagonism in the hippocampus induced dose- and delay-dependent deficits, characteristic of impaired short-term retention. By contrast, cholinergic antagonism in the prefrontal cortex induced dose-dependent but delay-independent deficits, suggesting disturbance of some non-mnemonic regulatory process in the neocortex.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2129859&dopt=Abstract
Can Anaesth Soc J. 1976 Nov;23(6):563-6.
Anticholinergic premedication.
Leighton KM, Sanders HD.
Two hundred and forty-four surgical patients who received no anticholinergic premedication were compared with 160 patients who had received atropine or scopolamine before the induction of anaesthesia. Infants and patients undergoing heart surgery were excluded. Eleven anaesthetists participated in the study. They were asked to report problems with oropharyngeal and tracheobronchial secretions. Two per cent of unpremedicated patients experienced problems with secretions of a degree sufficient to require treatment. This small percentage appears insufficient to warrant routine preoperative anticholinergic medication.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=990972&dopt=Abstract
Neuroscience. 1993 Apr;53(4):971-9.
Acetylcholine, theta-rhythm and activity of hippocampal neurons in the rabbit--II. Septal input.
Vinogradova OS, Brazhnik ES, Stafekhina VS, Kitchigina VF.
Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Puschino-on-Oka, Moscow Distr., Russia.
The aim of this paper was to evaluate the cholinergic component of the septohippocampal input signals in neuronal activity of the hippocampal fields CA1 and CA3 recorded extracellularly in chronic alert rabbits. Effects of electrical stimulation of the medial septal area were analysed in the control state, on the background of an increased level of endogenous acetylcholine (by physostigmine injection) and during its blockade by antimuscarinic drugs (scopolamine, atropine). Two groups of animals were used in the experiments: intact rabbits and rabbits with complete chronic undercutting of the septum, depriving the septohippocampal system of ascending medial forebrain bundle afferents. Primary inhibitory effects of standard duration (40-140 ms) evoked by medial septal area stimulation dominated in the hippocampus of intact rabbits (54%), though some neurons responded by initial diffuse excitation (37.5%); responses by single-spike on-effects were observed in a minority of neurons (8.5%). The primary suppression of activity prevailed (90%) in animals with basal undercutting of the septum. In intact rabbits under physostigmine action, the effects of medial septal area stimulation were depressed or completely blocked in 78% of hippocampal neurons on the background of increased theta modulation of activity. Neuronal responses to medial septal area stimulation recovered at the background of muscarinic antagonists. These effects of cholinergic drugs were reproduced in animals without medial forebrain bundle. It is concluded that the initial effect of the septal input upon the hippocampal neurons consists of a general suppression of their activity (reset), depending upon a non-cholinergic (presumably GABAergic) component of the septohippocampal connections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8506030&dopt=Abstract
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Wellstreet online pharmacy for click-order prescription medications ||
Altace Online Pharmacy ||
Rx Drugs USA, Prescription Drugs Online Pharmacy ||
Insurance plans and information ||
Insurance policies for all purposes ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||