Drugs online research references
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1991;18 Suppl 2:S122-4.
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on human tissue renin.
Rosenthal J, Buehler G, Koenig W, Rangoonwala B.
Ulm University Medical Center, Germany.
This investigation was performed to assess the effect of treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, ramipril, on human tissue renin levels. A total of 41 patients were studied (32 males and 9 females, aged 48-71 years). Twenty-two of these patients received up to 5 days treatment with the ACE inhibitor ramipril (5 mg p.o.) prior to surgery, the remaining 19 patients served as controls (no ramipril treatment). Under surgery vascular tissues were removed and renin-like activities measured in carotid and renal arteries. Plasma renin and ACE activity were determined before and after surgical intervention. Vascular renin values were two- to threefold higher in ACE-treated hypertensive patients compared to normotensive and untreated hypertensive controls (irrespective of concomitant atherosclerotic lesions). There were no differences in vascular renin observed between primary (essential) and secondary hypertension. In the hypertensive patients treated with ramipril, blood pressures were markedly (but not significantly) lowered in 12 patients. A similar pattern was observed for treatment-induced changes in plasma renin (increased) and ACE activity (decreased). The findings of this study demonstrate that treatment with an ACE inhibitor, such as ramipril, evokes changes in extrarenal tissues similar to those demonstrable in plasma. Conceivably, the blood pressure-lowering effect of ACE inhibition on human tissue is partially induced at the vascular level.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1725019&dopt=Abstract
J Hypertens Suppl. 1989 Dec;7(6):S310-1.
Effects of endothelin on isolated ischaemic rat hearts during ramiprilat, bradykinin and indomethacin perfusion.
Linz W, Albus U, Scholkens BA.
Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/Main, Federal Republic of Germany.
In isolated ischaemic rat hearts, endothelin induced a short transient increase, followed by a lasting decrease in coronary flow and an increase in the left ventricular dp/dt max in a concentration-dependent manner. Both enzyme activities and lactate output were increased in the venous effluent. Myocardial tissue levels of glycogen, ATP and creatine phosphate were reduced. Endothelin aggravated post-ischaemic reperfusion arrhythmias. Perfusion with ramiprilat and bradykinin increased coronary flow and left ventricular dp/dt max and reduced reperfusion arrhythmias; enzyme activities and lactate output were significantly reduced and in the myocardial tissue glycogen and energy-rich phosphates were preserved. In comparison, indomethacin prolonged reperfusion arrhythmias, decreased coronary flow and increased the enzyme activities with no changes in myocardial metabolism. When ramiprilat and bradykinin were combined with endothelin, reperfusion arrhythmias and the enzyme activities were reduced but the decrease in coronary flow could not be fully blocked. Indomethacin aggravated the endothelin-induced coronary flow reduction, enzyme release and reperfusion arrhythmias but had no effects on the other parameters.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2698945&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Clin Invest. 1991 Feb;21(1):64-71.
Regulation of myocardial isomyosin V1 in uraemic rats.
Rambausek M, Kollmar S, Klug D, Mehls O, Ritz E.
Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ruperto Carola University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Cardiac hypertrophy of various aetiologies is consistently associated with increased expression of V3 isomyosin. Uraemia is associated with cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, we examined regulation of isomyosin in uraemic rats, using gel electrophoresis. Cardiac hypertrophy in uraemic animals was associated with a relative increase in V1 isomyosin. An increased proportion of V1 isomyosin was demonstrable 3 days after subtotal nephrectomy (NX 63.0 +/- 8.8%; control 43.6 +/- 7.2%; P less than 0.01) and persisted during uraemia of 80 days duration. Elevation of V1 isomyosin, relative to pair-fed controls, was observed in uraemic animals of various age. The proportion of V1 isomyosin changed in the same direction as controls when several manouevers were used which changed the isomyosin pattern, but the difference between uraemic animals and controls persisted. We studied the effect of carbohydrate loading or deprivation, starvation or administration of energetically inadequate diets, castration or administration of androgens and sodium depletion. With each of the above interventions, a difference between subtotally nephrectomized animals and sham-operated pair-fed control animals was statistically significant (P less than 0.05). Elevation of V1 isomyosin persisted during combined alpha and beta blockade and was still found when blood pressure was normalized by ACE inhibition using Ramipril. It is concluded that cardiac hypertrophy of uraemia differs from all other forms of cardiac hypertrophy by the occurrence of increased proportion of V1 isomyosin. The proportion of V1 isomyosin responds adequately to regulatory signals but is set at an abnormally high level.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1830844&dopt=Abstract
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