Drugs online research references
knoll.co.uk
The antipsychotic, zotepine, as well as possessing affinity for dopamine D1- and D2-1ike receptors, has high affinity for the noradrenaline (NA) transporter and inhibits [3H]NA uptake by rat frontal cortex synaptosomes, in vitro. The present studies investigated the effects of zotepine on extracellular NA in the frontal cortex of freely moving rats using in vivo microdialysis. Removal of calcium from the perfusate reduced extracellular NA by 70.5% and prevented the 50 mM KCl-stimulated increase in NA levels. Zotepine (0.5-1.5 mg kg(-1) i.p.), evoked biphasic, dose-dependent rises in extracellular NA with maximal increases observed at 60 min (+ 171.0%) and 240 min (+ 211.5%) post-treatment. The increases in NA levels were sustained for up to 100 min post-dosing. Clozapine (10.0 mg kg(-1) i.p.), resulted in a smaller, transient increase in NA levels (+ 72.0%) which lasted for 20 min post-treatment. Neither ziprasidone (3.0 mg kg(-1) i.p.) nor olanzapine (1.0 mg kg(-1) i.p.) influenced extracellular NA. Systemic treatment with the antidepressant desipramine (0.3 mg kg(-1) i.p.) resulted in a prolonged elevation of NA levels over 240 min (maximal increase of + 354.3%), whilst local infusion of nisoxetine (1-100 microM) through the dialysis probe increased NA levels in a concentration-dependent manner (up to 587.8% of control values). These data suggest that the inhibition of NA uptake by zotepine and its subsequent prolonged elevation of extracellular cortical NA may underlie the reported antidepressant properties of zotepine in schizophrenic patients.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9776389&dopt=Abstract
note: kwd match prozac online literature
J Intellect Disabil Res. 1998 Aug;42 ( Pt 4):301-6.
Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors for the treatment of perseverative and maladaptive behaviours of people with intellectual disability.
Branford D, Bhaumik S, Naik B.
Southern Derbyshire Mental Health Trust, Derby, England.
A retrospective case-note analysis was undertaken of 37 adults with intellectual disability who lived in Leicestershire, England. The subjects were prescribed one of two selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants, i.e. fluoxetine or paroxetine, for perseverative and maladaptive behaviours. The SSRIs proved to be of no benefit for 15 subjects (40%) and led to a deterioration in a further nine cases (25%). However, some reduction of perseverative and maladaptive behaviours was achieved in 13 cases (35%). There was no difference in the responses to fluoxetine or paroxetine.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9786445&dopt=Abstract
note: kwd match prozac online literature
Med Care. 1999 Apr;37(4 Suppl Lilly):AS36-44.
SSRI antidepressant drug use patterns in the naturalistic setting: a multivariate analysis.
Hylan TR, Crown WH, Meneades L, Heiligenstein JH, Melfi CA, Croghan TW, Buesching DP.
Global Health Outcomes Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285-2128, USA.
BACKGROUND: The study of the duration and pattern of antidepressant use in actual clinical practice can provide important insights into how antidepressant prescribing patterns compare with recommended depression treatment guidelines. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study, using data available from depressed outpatients in the United States, is to assess the effects of initial SSRI antidepressant selection on the subsequent pattern and duration of antidepressant use. RESEARCH DESIGN: Multiple logistic regression analysis of data from a large prescription and medical claims database (MarketScan) for the years 1993 and 1994 were used to estimate the determinants of antidepressant drug use patterns for 1,034 patients with a "new" episode of antidepressant therapy who were prescribed one of three most often prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), paroxetine, sertraline, or fluoxetine. RESULTS: Patients initiating therapy on sertraline or paroxetine were less likely than patients initiating therapy on fluoxetine to have four or more prescriptions of their initial antidepressant within the first 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that antidepressant selection is an important determinant of the initial duration and pattern of antidepressant use which is consistent with current recommended depression treatment guidelines.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10217392&dopt=Abstract
note: kwd match prozac online literature
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||