Drugs online research references
Psychiatr Q. 1998 Summer;69(2):117-25.
Black and white patients response to antidepressant treatment for major depression.
Varner RV, Ruiz P, Small DR.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral sciences of the University of Texas/Houston Health Science Center, USA.
Differences in response to psychopharmacologic agents according to race has so far primarily focused on investigations related to the response of Asian-American patients to neuroleptics and lithium. In this article, we present evidence which depicts that black patients need lower doses of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) than white patients to attain a similar response in the treatment of major depression. Likewise, we also advance that black patients might need lower doses of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor antidepressants (SSRIs) than white patients to attain a similar response in the treatment of major depression. Further studies are suggested to confirm these findings.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9627929&dopt=Abstract
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Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1998 Jun;60(2):527-32.
The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine reduces sexual motivation in male rats.
Vega Matuszcyk J, Larsson K, Eriksson E.
Department of Psychology, University of Goteborg, Sweden.
A male rat put in an open-field arena in which it is free to spend time in the vicinity of--but not in contact with--an estrous female, or in the vicinity of a male, usually spends more time with the female than with the male or elsewhere. Tentatively, the percentage of time spent in the vicinity of the female in this paradigm may be regarded as a measure of sexual motivation. In humans, treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may cause reduced libido. To investigate to what extent serotonin reuptake inhibition influences sexual motivation also in rats, we have tested the effect of subchronic treatment with fluoxetine on the behavior in the sexual motivation test described above; in addition, the effect of fluoxetine on male copulatory behavior was studied. Fluoxetine significantly reduced sexual motivation at subchronic but not at acute administration; moreover, fluoxetine-treated rats displayed an increased ejaculation latency. It is concluded that humans and rats respond similarly to the SSRI fluoxetine with respect to various aspects of sexual behavior.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9632236&dopt=Abstract
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Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1998 Jun;60(2):539-44.
Acute and chronic fluoxetine treatment decreases the sensitivity of rats to rewarding brain stimulation.
Lee K, Kornetsky C.
Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, MA 02118, USA.
The effects of fluoxetine on rewarding brain stimulation were determined in eight Wistar rats using a rate-independent discrete-trial threshold measure. Rats were implanted with bipolar, stainless steel electrodes either into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) or medial forebrain bundle (MFB). Acute administration of fluoxetine significantly raised the reward threshold (decreased sensitivity) at doses of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 mg/kg, i.p., without altering latency of response. There were no significant differences between VTA and MFB groups. To determine the effects of chronic treatment, daily injections of 5.0 mg/kg fluoxetine were administered to rats for 21 days. Chronic treatment of fluoxetine continued to significantly elevate reward thresholds with no evidence of tolerance. The results of these experiments suggest that fluoxetine does not possess abuse potential and that serotonin produces an inhibitory effect on the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward system. Furthermore, these results suggest that the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine are not the direct result of excitation of brain reward systems, at least in the same manner as abused substances, for example, cocaine.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9632238&dopt=Abstract
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