Drugs online research references
J Affect Disord. 1998 Apr;49(1):19-26.
Which patients receive antidepressants? A 'real world' telephone study.
Bouhassira M, Allicar MP, Blachier C, Nouveau A, Rouillon F.
Medical Department, Lilly France, Saint-Cloud.
INTRODUCTION: The use of antidepressants has been questioned with respect to both undertreatment and inadequate prescription. The present investigation was therefore launched to assess the psychopathology profiles of antidepressant users. METHODS: A representative sample was constituted on the basis of usual antidepressant consumption, and ICD 10 compatible diagnoses were obtained after telephone administration of a structured psychiatric interview. RESULTS: The most often used drugs were fluoxetine, followed by tricyclic antidepressants. Coprescription existed in slightly less than two thirds of antidepressant users. ICD 10 diagnoses were compared to currently available prescription guidelines. Fluoxetine prescription, as compared to other drugs, was found to be significantly more compliant with these guidelines; conversely, in 22% of antidepressant users, no complete ICD 10 diagnosis could be documented. These results are discussed in the light of report accuracy and anecdotal or 'heterodox' indications of antidepressants. CONCLUSION: Altogether, the present study confirms previous doubts regarding appropriate use of antidepressants and stresses the need for more explicit and comprehensive clinical guidelines. It does not substantiate, however, any evidence for a 'recreational' use of these products.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9574856&dopt=Abstract
note: kwd match prozac online literature
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 May;285(2):579-87.
Differential effects of chronic antidepressant treatment on swim stress- and fluoxetine-induced secretion of corticosterone and progesterone.
Duncan GE, Knapp DJ, Carson SW, Breese GR.
UNC Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Hypersecretion of cortisol occurs in numerous patients with major depression and normalizes with clinical recovery during the course of chronic antidepressant treatment. These clinical data suggest that investigation of the effects of antidepressant treatments on the regulation of the brain-pituitary-adrenal axis may assist in elucidating the therapeutic basis of antidepressant actions. In the present investigation, both swim stress and acute fluoxetine challenge increased release of corticosterone and progesterone to reflect an activation of the brain pituitary-adrenal axis. The effects of chronic antidepressant treatment (21 days) on corticosterone and progesterone secretion induced by these challenges were investigated. Chronic fluoxetine treatment (5 mg/kg/day) completely blocked the increased secretion of corticosterone and progesterone in response to the acute fluoxetine challenge. Chronic treatment with desipramine, imipramine or amytriptyline (15 mg/kg/day) also markedly attenuated fluoxetine-induced corticosterone and progesterone secretion. However, chronic treatment with the monoamine oxidase inhibitors, phenelzine (5 mg/kg) and tranylcypromine (5 mg/kg), did not affect this hormonal response to acute fluoxetine challenge. Plasma levels of fluoxetine after acute challenge were not significantly different for the various chronic antidepressant treatment conditions from the chronic saline controls; therefore, an increase in the metabolism of fluoxetine can not explain the antagonism of the fluoxetine-induced hormonal response after chronic antidepressant treatment. In contrast to the effects of selected antidepressants on acute fluoxetine-induced steroid release, chronic treatment with imipramine (20 mg/kg/day), fluoxetine (5 mg/kg/day) or phenelzine (5 mg/kg) did not significantly alter this swim stress-induced corticosterone or progesterone secretion. Because chronic fluoxetine and tricyclic antidepressant drugs blocked the acute action of fluoxetine to increase adrenal cortical secretion, but did not alter swim stress-induced secretion of these steroids, we propose that distinct neurochemical mechanisms control fluoxetine and swim stress-induced steroid release. We speculate that the substantial adaptive response to those chronic antidepressant treatments, which minimize the effect of acute fluoxetine challenge to increase in corticosterone and progesterone secretion, may be relevant to the therapeutic actions of these drugs.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9580601&dopt=Abstract
note: kwd match prozac online literature
Am J Psychiatry. 1998 May;155(5):660-5.
Cardiovascular effects of fluoxetine in depressed patients with heart disease.
Roose SP, Glassman AH, Attia E, Woodring S, Giardina EG, Bigger JT Jr.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the cardiovascular effects of fluoxetine in depressed patients with cardiac disease. METHOD: Twenty-seven depressed patients (26% of whom were female and whose average age was 73 years) who had congestive heart failure, conduction disease, and/or ventricular arrhythmia were studied in an open medication trial of fluoxetine, up to 60 mg/day, for 7 weeks. The main outcome measures were heart rate and rhythm measured by 24-hour ECG recordings, ejection fraction determined by radionuclide angiography, cardiac conduction intervals, and blood pressure. Baseline values were compared with those at weeks 2 and 7 of fluoxetine treatment. In 60 comparable patients, values of these same cardiovascular measures at baseline and after 3 weeks of treatment with a tricyclic antidepressant, nortriptyline, were also examined. RESULTS: Fluoxetine induced a statistically significant 6% decrease in heart rate, a 2% increase in supine systolic pressure, and a 7% increase in ejection fraction. There was no effect on cardiac conduction, ventricular arrhythmia, or orthostatic blood pressure. Overall, 4% of the fluoxetine patients had an adverse cardiovascular effect. In contrast, nortriptyline treatment caused a significant increase in heart rate and orthostatic hypotension, and 20% of the nortriptyline-treated patients had an adverse cardiovascular effect. CONCLUSIONS: In depressed patients with heart disease, fluoxetine treatment was not associated with the cardiovascular effects documented for the tricyclic antidepressants or with significant adverse cardiac events. However, limited conclusions about fluoxetine's cardiovascular effects and safety can be drawn from this study of only 27 patients monitored for 7 weeks.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9585718&dopt=Abstract
note: kwd match prozac online literature
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||