Drugs online research references
J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1997 Dec 19;704(1-2):259-63.
Quantification of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine serum levels by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection.
Holladay JW, Dewey MJ, Yoo SD.
College of Pharmacy, Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Division of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
A rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography assay method was developed to determine serum fluoxetine and norfluoxetine levels by single extraction of 0.1 ml of serum with sodium hydroxide. The mobile phase (55% acetonitrile-45% distilled water containing 10 mM aqueous triethylamine) was used to separate fluoxetine and norfluoxetine (25-1000 ng/ml, using clomipramine as the internal standard) by ultraviolet detection at 226 nm. The inter- and intra-day variabilities of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine were 13-18%, and the recoveries of both drugs exceeded 89%. This assay method was applied to a pharmacokinetic disposition study of fluoxetine in mice.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9518159&dopt=Abstract
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Br J Psychiatry. 1998 Feb;172:175-8.
Fluoxetine in breast-milk and developmental outcome of breast-fed infants.
Yoshida K, Smith B, Craggs M, Kumar RC.
Section of Perinatal Psychiatry, University of London, Denmark Hill.
BACKGROUND: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are currently the most widely prescribed antidepressant drugs. There are only four published studies of breast-feeding mothers and their infants in which the mothers were taking fluoxetine. METHOD: Four mothers who took fluoxetine and their breast-fed infants were studied. Samples of plasma, breast-milk and urine were taken from the mothers and of plasma and urine from infants for assays of drug and metabolite concentrations. Bayley Scales of Infant Development were repeatedly used to assess cognitive and psychomotor development of the infants. RESULTS: Fluoxetine and norfluoxetine were detected in all samples of maternal plasma (range of total concentration 138-427 ng/ml) and in breast-milk (range 39-177 ng/ml). Amounts of both fluoxetine and norfluoxetine in infants' plasma and urine were below the lower limit of detection. All infants were observed to be developing normally and showed no abnormal findings on neurological examination. CONCLUSIONS: Much larger databases are needed but these four cases do not provide any evidence to suggest that women who are maintained on therapeutic doses of fluoxetine should discontinue breast-feeding their infants if they wish to breast-feed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9519072&dopt=Abstract
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u.washington.edu
Intravenous sodium lactate infusion is a robust laboratory technique for eliciting panic in susceptible individuals. The objective for this study was to replicate previous work which found differential brain lactate rises among lactate-sensitive panic subjects relative to control subjects using single-voxel 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Single-voxel 1H-MRS was used to measure brain lactate changes in the insular cortex region among 13 panic disorder subjects and 10 healthy control subjects during the infusion. One panic subject prematurely terminated the study due to a panic response during lactate infusion. Data from two additional control subjects and one panic subject were lost due to technical problems. Four panic subjects were reinfused with lactate while panic-free under treatment with fluoxetine (20 mg/day). At the time of initial infusion, all subjects were medication-free for at least 1 month. Ten panic subjects, but no control subjects, panicked during lactate infusion. In comparison to control subjects, panic subjects demonstrated significantly greater and prolonged brain lactate rises in the insular cortex region. Three of four medicated panic subjects experienced blockage of panic symptoms during lactate reinfusion but all exhibited persistent excesses in brain lactate rise. Consistent with our prior observations, greater and prolonged lactate rises in the insular brain region occur during and following lactate infusion among panic subjects compared to control subjects. This differential brain metabolic response did not appear to normalize when a small subset of panic patients were reinfused following resolution of panic symptoms during treatment over 3-4 months with fluoxetine.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9522401&dopt=Abstract
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