Drugs online research references
Am J Physiol. 1997 Dec;273(6 Pt 1):G1273-89.
Guinea pig pancreatic neurons: morphology, neurochemistry, electrical properties, and response to 5-HT.
Liu MT, Kirchgessner AL.
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.
The morphology, neurochemistry, and electrical properties of guinea pig pancreatic neurons were determined. The majority of neurons expressed choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunoreactivity; however, ChAT-negative neurons were also found. Both cholinergic and noncholinergic neurons expressed nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunoreactivity. Three types of pancreatic neurons were distinguished. Phasic neurons fired action potentials (APs) at the onset of depolarizing current pulse, tonic neurons spiked throughout the duration of a suprathreshold depolarizing pulse, and APs could not be generated in nonspiking neurons, even though they did receive synaptic input. APs were tetrodotoxin sensitive, and all types of neurons received fast and slow excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). Fast EPSPs had cholinergic and noncholinergic components. The majority of pancreatic neurons appeared to innervate the acini. NOS- and/or neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive phasic and tonic neurons were found. Microejection of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) caused a slow depolarization that was inhibited by the 5-HT1P antagonist N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptophyl-5-hydroxytryptophan amide and mimicked by the 5-HT1P agonist 6-hydroxyindalpine. A pancreatic 5-HT transporter was located, and inhibition of 5-HT uptake by fluoxetine blocked slow EPSPs in 5-HT-responsive neurons by receptor desensitization.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9435552&dopt=Abstract
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Brain Res. 1997 Nov 14;775(1-2):225-8.
Fluoxetine gradually increases [125I]DOI-labelled 5-HT2A/2C receptors in the hypothalamus without changing the levels of Gq- and G11-proteins.
Li Q, Muma NA, Battaglia G, Van de Kar LD.
Department of Pharmacology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
The time course of fluoxetine-induced supersensitivity of hypothalamic 5-HT2A/2C receptors was examined. Daily injections of fluoxetine (7 or 14 days) significantly increased agonist ([125I]DOI)-labeled high-affinity-state 5-HT2A/2C receptors in the hypothalamus, but not frontal cortex. No change was observed in the density of [3H]ketanscrin-labeled 5-HT2A receptors in either brain region. The levels of Gq- and G11- proteins in the hypothalamus and cortex were not altered by fluoxetine. These results suggest that fluoxetine gradually increases the G-protein coupling of 5-HT2A/2C receptors without altering the levels of Gq- or G11-proteins.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9439849&dopt=Abstract
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Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1998 Jan;59(1):151-7.
Modulation of immune cell function following fluoxetine administration in rats.
Pellegrino TC, Bayer BM.
Department of Pharmacology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
Fluoxetine (FLX) and other specific serotonin uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have become the drugs of choice for treating depression. However, only a limited number of studies have addressed the effects of FLX on immune cell function. Our lab has measured the effects of both acute and chronic FLX administration on two functions of cell-mediated immunity, mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation (MILP) and natural killer cell cytolytic activity (NKCA). In this article we report that acute FLX administration (10 mg/kg) resulted in a dose- and time-dependent decrease in MILP and NKCA. MILP was more sensitive than NKCA to FLX, requiring lower doses for inhibition; however, the effects were more transient. Following chronic FLX administration, these effects were no longer observed, suggesting that an apparent tolerance to these particular measures of cell-mediated immunity had developed. Finally, a single microinjection of FLX directly into the lateral ventricle produced similar suppressive effects on MILP and NKCA, suggesting that the immunomodulatory mechanism may have a central component.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9443550&dopt=Abstract
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