Drugs online research references
Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova. 1993 Sep;79(9):54-60.
[A comparison of the effects of cyproheptadine and propranolol on the development of poststressor lesions of the gastric mucosa in inbred mice]
[Article in Russian]
Koriakina LA.
The effects of central cyproheptadine and propranolol were virtually the same but differed in their intensity. Differences between genotypes were shown to be able to determine the differences in effects of the blocking agents on different kinds of stress-induced stomach damage. The data obtained suggest that genotypic properties of the serotoninergic system can interfere considerably with the reactions of the stomach mucosa to emotional stress.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8268991&dopt=Abstract
Regul Pept. 1993 Nov 3;48(3):321-8.
Neural regulation of peptide YY secretion.
Zhang T, Uchida T, Gomez G, Lluis F, Thompson JC, Greeley GH Jr.
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0725.
The purpose of these experiments was to investigate the neural control of peptide YY (PYY) secretion. The effects of various pharmacological manipulations and vagotomy on peptide YY (PYY) secretion was examined in dogs. Atropine, hexamethonium and atropine plus hexamethonium treatment blocked food-induced release of PYY significantly. Integrated release of PYY in response to food alone and in combination with atropine, hexamethonium and atropine plus hexamethonium were 8.8 +/- 2.2, -1.1 +/- 2.3, -2.7 +/- 2.2 and -3.2 +/- 3.1 (ng (0-150) min/ml), respectively. beta-Adrenergic blockade with propranolol or depletion of nerve terminal stores of catecholamines with reserpine did not affect food-stimulated release of PYY. Truncal vagotomy resulted in significant elevations of basal and food-induced release of PYY. IV administration of bethanechol, a cholinergic agonist, and electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve resulted in release of PYY. Together, these data suggest that food-stimulated PYY secretion is dependent on ganglionic transmission and an atropine-blockable postganglionic parasympathetic pathway; and that PYY release is inhibited tonically, probably through a vagal cholinergic mechanism. Adrenergic pathways do not participate in food-stimulated PYY release; however, electrical stimulation of the splanchnic nerves increased basal levels of PYY, suggesting that the sympathetic nervous system affects release of PYY.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8278624&dopt=Abstract
Arch Oral Biol. 1993 Oct;38(10):853-61.
The effect of propranolol on salivary gland function and dental caries development in young and aged rats.
O'Connell AC, Van Wuyckhuyse BC, Pearson SK, Bowen WH.
Department of Dental Research, Rochester Caries Research Center, University of Rochester, NY 14642-8611.
Medications commonly used in elderly people cause hyposalivation and are associated with an enhanced prevalence of dental caries. Propranolol (a beta-adrenergic antagonist) is a commonly used antihypertensive agent that is prescribed for long-term use. The purpose of this investigation was to compare the effects of this drug on salivary composition and flow rate, and on caries, in young and aged rats. Forty young (28-day) and 36 aged (20-month) female Sprague-Dawley rats were infected with Streptococcus sobrinus 6715 and fed a cariogenic diet for 28 days. Propranolol was given in high (20 mg/kg/day) and low (10 mg/kg/day) doses via osmotic pumps. Unoperated and desalivated animals served as controls. Smooth-surface caries scores in the young animals receiving propranolol at 20 mg/kg/day were statistically higher than in the young intact rats (p < or = 0.05). Increased smooth-surface and sulcal caries scores were recorded in the aged propranolol-treated animals, but the differences were not statistically significant when compared with those in intact aged animals. Propranolol in aged animals did not affect the amount of alveolar bone loss but increased the risk of development of root caries. Young animals harboured greater populations of Strep. sobrinus and total cultivable flora than did all aged groups except the desalivated group. Salivary flow rates, induced by pilocarpine, were not decreased by the chronic administration of propranolol. Although the total protein concentration in parotid and submandibular saliva from drug-treated animals was reduced, differences were not observed in their SDS-PAGE profile when compared with unoperated animals. The findings demonstrate that chronic use of propranolol reduced the total protein concentration in saliva of all animals, increased caries susceptibility, but did not reduce the stimulated salivary flow rate.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8279990&dopt=Abstract
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