Drugs online research references
J Lab Clin Med. 1994 Nov;124(5):723-9.
Changes of cytosolic calcium ion concentrations in human endothelial cells in response to thrombin, platelet-activating factor, and leukotriene B4.
Lerner R.
Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm Soder Hospital, Sweden.
This study concerns changes of intracellular calcium concentrations, [Ca2+]i, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in response to thrombin, platelet activating factor (PAF), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Thrombin (0.003 to 1 U/ml) induced a dose-dependent, pertussis toxin-insensitive rise of [Ca2+]i that was initially rapid and transient and was followed by a sustained plateau phase that required extracellular calcium to be expressed. Early during that plateau a second rise of [Ca2+]i was seen that was amplified in the presence of propranolol and abolished in calcium-free medium or by ethanol. Repeated stimulations with thrombin evoked renewed but declining responses. Pretreatment of HUVECs with PAF or lipoxin A4, but not LTB4, diminished a subsequent response to thrombin. PAF induced a small, dose-dependent increase of [Ca2+]i with kinetics similar to that of thrombin. It was blocked by previous exposure of HUVECs to PAF and thrombin but not to LTB4 or pertussis toxin. LTB4 induced a rapid but sustained increase of [Ca2+]i that resembled that of the calcium ionophore ionomycin. In contrast to responses to thrombin and PAF, it could be abolished by previous treatment with pertussis toxin and required extracellular calcium. Addition of LTB4 after previous stimulation with LTB4 or PAF gave no detectable response. Implications of these results for some specific signal transduction mechanisms for agonists studied are discussed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7964131&dopt=Abstract
J Ethnopharmacol. 1994 Jun;43(1):1-8.
Anti-arrhythmic profile of a garlic dialysate assayed in dogs and isolated atrial preparations.
Martin N, Bardisa L, Pantoja C, Vargas M, Quezada P, Valenzuela J.
Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad de Concepcion, Chile.
The effects of garlic (Allium sativum L., Liliaceae) dialysate were studied on arrhythmias induced in anaesthetized dogs and on isolated left rat atria. Garlic dialysate suppressed premature ventricular contractions (PVC) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) in ouabain-intoxicated dogs as well as the ectopic rhythms induced by isoprenaline (10(-6) M) and aconitine (10(-8) M) on electrically driven left rat atria. The effective refractory period (ERP) and the sinus node recovery time (SNRT) of isolated rat atria were prolonged in a dose-dependent manner by the administration of this extract. Garlic dialysate decreased the positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of isoprenaline in a concentration-dependent manner. These last effects were increased by propranolol. The results suggest that garlic dialysate has a significant antiarrhythmic effect in both ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7967644&dopt=Abstract
Sheng Li Xue Bao. 1994 Jun;46(3):249-57.
[Prefrontal injection of the alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine impairs performance of a delayed GO/NO-GO task in monkeys]
[Article in Chinese]
Li BM, Hu XT, Mei ZT.
Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Two rhesus monkeys were trained to perform a delayed GO/NO-GO task, which was initiated by the monkey's pressing a lever. At 0.5 s after the lever-pressing, a white square (1.5 cm x 1.5 cm) was displayed on the right or the left of a computer screen and lasted 0.5 s as a cue. After a delay of 0.0-4.0 s, a red square (1.5 cm x 1.5 cm) appeared between the left-cue and right-cue positions as a signal for response choice. The monkey released the lever within 0.8 s if the cue had been on the right (GO trial), or kept on the lever-pressing for 1.2 s if the cue had been on the left (NO-GO trial). Short-term working memory during the delay was a non-spatially representational one. Local injection of the alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine (10 micrograms) into the prefrontal cortex (Walker's areas 46, 9) contralateral to the performing hand decreased the correct rate of performance. The longer the delay period was, the more serious the impairment was. The performing error after injection of yohimbine was expressed mainly as "commissural" response (the monkey made GO response in NO-GO trial or NO-GO response in GO trial). Injection of the alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist prazosin (10 micrograms) or the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol (10 micrograms) did not impair the task-performance. Our results suggest that, prefrontal alpha 2-adrenoceptors may play an important role in the short-term working memory with non-spatial representation.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7973812&dopt=Abstract
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