Drugs online research references
Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Jan 16;272(2-3):185-93.
Anti-inflammatory effects of a short-acting and a long-acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist in guinea pig skin.
Teixeira MM, Williams TJ, Hellewell PG.
Department of Applied Pharmacology, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.
The pharmacological modulation of the accumulation and function of eosinophils in tissues may have a significant impact in the treatment of allergic diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis and rhinitis. In this study, we have investigated the acute anti-inflammatory effects of a short-acting (salbutamol) and a long-acting (salmeterol) beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist on 111In-accumulation and oedema formation in allergic and mediator-induced inflammation in guinea pig skin. Both salbutamol and salmeterol inhibited 111In-eosinophil accumulation induced by platelet-activating factor and in a passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction when co-injected with the inflammatory stimuli or when given as a 30 min pretreatment. The inhibition was reversed by DL-propranolol, but not D-propranolol. Systemic treatment with salbutamol inhibited 111In-eosinophil accumulation and oedema formation when given as a 15 min, but not as a 3 h, pretreatment. In contrast, salmeterol was effective when given at both times. We conclude that a long duration of action of beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists is not necessary to demonstrate acute anti-inflammatory effects on eosinophil accumulation in guinea pig skin.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7713162&dopt=Abstract
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1994 Dec;16(10):691-6.
Comparison of the effects of dopamine1- and dopamine2-receptor agonists on the cAMP generating system in canine coronary and renal arteries.
Wang WZ, Zhao RR, Qin FZ.
Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical College, Taiyuan, China.
To further evaluate the functional significance of dopamine (DA) receptors in different vasculature, in this study we compared the effects of D1- and D2-receptor agonists on canine coronary and renal arteries by measuring adenylate cyclase (AC) activity as a biomedical index of DA receptor function. It was found that both the selective D1-receptor agonist, fenoldopam, and the D2-receptor agonist, propyl-butyl-dopamine (PBDA), induced a dose-related increases in cAMP formation in coronary and renal arteries; however, the magnitude of increase in the renal artery was remarkably greater than that in the coronary artery. The stimulatory effect on AC activity of fenoldopam was significantly more potent than that of PBDA. The selective D1-receptor antagonist, SCH23390, blocked fenoldopam- and PBDA-induced cAMP production, while the selective D2-receptor antagonist, domperidone, was without effect on the increase of cAMP elicited by PBDA. After beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol, fenoldopam still increased the cAMP level significantly but to a much lesser degree. The existence of postsynaptic D2-receptor associated with inhibition of cAMP formation could not be demonstrated in this study. These data suggest the presence of D1-receptors associated with stimulation of AC activity in both renal and coronary arteries. However, there are much fewer receptor sites in the coronary artery than in the renal artery, suggesting less physiological importance of such receptors in the coronary artery than in the renal artery.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7723468&dopt=Abstract
Comp Biochem Physiol A Physiol. 1995 May;111(1):51-8.
Cholecystokinin does not act on the efferent pathway of cholinergic and adrenergic nerves to inhibit ruminal contractions in sheep (Ovis aries).
Onaga T, Onodera T, Mineo H, Kato S.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan.
The effect of exogenous cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) on ruminal contractions and the role of efferent pathways of cholinergic and adrenergic nerves on the effect were studied in sheep. Intravenous infusion of CCK-8 at 11.4 and 45.6 pmol/kg/min significantly inhibited the frequency and amplitude of ruminal contractions in conscious sheep. After bilateral cervical vagotomy, intravenous infusion of CCK-8 at 45.6 mol/kg/min had no detectable effect on amplitude of ruminal contractions induced by electric stimulation to the cervical vagus nerve (1 msec, 20 Hz, 5 mA, for 10 sec at 1-min intervals) in anesthetized sheep. The amplitude of contractile responses of ovine ruminal muscle strips to acetylcholine at 5 x 10(-5) M was not inhibited by CCK-8 applied simultaneously at 1 x 10(-9) M. Intravenous infusion of phentolamine at 53.0 nmol/kg/min, propranolol at 101.4 nmol/kg/min, or their combined infusion did not alter the inhibitory action of CCK-8 at either dose on ruminal contractions in conscious sheep. These results suggest that CCK-8, which does not act on the efferent pathway of cholinergic and adrenergic nerves, may reflexively inhibit reticuloruminal contractions via vagal afferent fibers in sheep.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7735910&dopt=Abstract
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