Drugs online research references
J Colloid Interface Sci. 1996 Dec 1;184(1):251-8.
Adsorption of Beta-Blockers onto Poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles: Adsorption Model and Dielectric Interpretation
Prot O, Benoit E, Maincent P, Bessiere J.
Faculte des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galenique et Biopharmacie, Nancy Cedex, 54001, France
The objective of this report is to understand the boundary mechanism of a model drug, propranolol hydrochloride, onto poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles stabilized with a mixture of dextran and dextran sulfate, and to explain the similarity between depletion isotherms and the curves obtained with the dielectric method. The dramatic influence of the sulfate groups has been demonstrated by the dosage of the dextran sulfate in the bulk aqueous medium as well as by the interpretation of the propranolol hydrochloride adsorption isotherm. Due to its sulfate groups, dextran sulfate is able to bind to propranolol hydrochloride by an ion exchange process and the resulting complex moves toward the nanoparticle surface. It is the first time that such a model is proposed. In addition, this model supports and explains the dielectric answer: indeed, we had demonstrated that the dielectric method makes it possible to determine the amount of drug loaded onto the nanoparticles, without any ultracentrifugation or assay of the drug. Finally, the application field of the dielectric method may be enlarged to other areas such as ionic resins.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8954661&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1980 Dec;215(3):643-8.
Stereospecific assay for (-)- and (+)-propranolol in human and dog plasma.
Silber B, Riegelman S.
Propranolol is a nonselective beta adrenergic blocking agent used clinically as the racemic mixture. Since (-)-propranolol is about 100 times more potent than its optical antipode, significant differences in their disposition may be important clinically, especially if affected by disease state. The present technique, for the first time, allows for the quantitation of both propranolol enantiomers after administration of the racemic mixture in man and dogs. Enantiomers are reacted with synthetically prepared and optically pure N-trifluoroacetyl-(-)-prolyl chloride, followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of the diastereoisomers using fluorescence detection. Derivatization is quantitative (> 98%) from 2 to 1000 ng/ml; 4-hydroxy and N-desisopropyl propranolol, basic metabolites, do not interfere with the assay. (-)-Propranolol and (+)-propranolol and their corresponding glucuronide concentrations were determined in an angina patient taking 800 mg of propranolol daily and in two dogs given a single oral 80 mg dose. The ratio of the area under the plasma concentration-time curves for (-):(+)-propranolol, and for (-):(+)-propranolol glucuronide were 1.4 and 3.4, respectively, in man, and averaged 0.5, and 3.1, respectively, in dogs.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7441523&dopt=Abstract
Endocrinol Jpn. 1978 Oct;25(5):437-42.
Re-evaluation of exercise as a screening test for ruling out human growth hormone deficiency.
Okada Y, Watanabe K, Takeuchi T, Onishi T, Tanaka K, Tsuji M, Morimoto S, Kumahara Y.
Human growth hormone (HGH) response to exercise was studied in 27 normal children and 152 children with a chief complaint of short stature and in 9 patients with HGH deficiency. Of the 152 children 107 could be ruled out of HGH deficiency since HGH level increased to more than 5 ng/ml during exercise, and of the remaining 45 children of non-responders to exercise, 22 were ruled out of HGH deficiency since bone age to chronological age ratio was more than 0.9 and/or height increment for the past 3 years was more than 15 cm. Seventeen patients were hospitalized for further examinations, which resulted in finding normal HGH secretion in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, arginine infusion and/or propranolol-glucagon test in 12 children and also in finding no HGH deficiency in children higher than -2.0 S.D., but 5 HGH-deficient children in those lower than -2.0 S.D. Exercise can be used as a screening test for ruling out HGH deficiency when HGH secretion in response to exericse is evaluated by height, bone age and height increment of the patients.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=744169&dopt=Abstract
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