Drugs online research references
Br J Dermatol. 1997 Mar;136(3):326-30.
Photo hen's egg test: a model for phototoxicity.
Neumann NJ, Holzle E, Lehmann P, Rosenbruch M, Klaucic A, Plewig G.
Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany.
The aim of this investigation was to establish a new model for phototoxicity which is more advanced than the widely used cultures of yeasts, bacteria or cells of various origin, and at the same time to avoid animal testing. We studied the extraembryonal vasculature of the incubated hen's egg. This model was originally introduced by toxicologists as an alternative to the rabbit's eye irritation test (Draize test). In the photo hen's egg test, substances are applied to the embryo's yolk-sac blood vessel system at a non-toxic concentration and are irradiated with 5 J/cm2 ultraviolet A (UVA) (320-400 nm). Promethazine, haematoporphyrin, ciprofloxacin and 8-methoxypsoralen were tested in this system. Death of the embryo, membrane discoloration and haemorrhage are parameters for phototoxic damage, which were recorded during an observation period of 24 h. These well-known phototoxic substances induced pronounced damage of the yolk-sac membrane and blood vessels which was not found in the controls (test substance alone, UVA alone or untreated) using a 2 x 2 factorial test design. The photo hen's egg test serves as a valid screening model for substances supposed to be photosensitizers owing to a phototoxic mechanism.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9115909&dopt=Abstract
Biomed Chromatogr. 1997 Mar-Apr;11(2):99-101.
Spectrofluorimetric determination of diethazine and promethazine in pharmaceutical preparations.
Hornyak I, Kozma L, Lapat A, Tovari I.
Janus Pannonius University, Department of Physics, Pecs, Hungary.
A simple, sensitive and accurate spectrofluorimetric method is described for the quantitative determination of diethazine and promethazine either in the pure form or in its pharmaceuticals. The method is based on the formation of red fluorescent product of these drugs with Au(III). A linear calibration graph is obtained over the range 0.05-100 p.p.m. of diethazine and promethazine.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9137772&dopt=Abstract
Pol J Pharmacol Pharm. 1981 Nov;33(4):459-65.
The effect of the antihistaminic drugs on the central action of 5-hydroxytryptophan in mice.
Rogoz Z, Skuza G, Sowinska H.
Antihistaminic drugs of various chemical structure (chlorcyclizine, chloropyramine, chlorpheniramine, clemastine, diphenhydramine, mepyramine, promethazine, thenalidine) were tested on their action on the central serotonin system in mice. The test used was the antagonism to behavioral syndrome produced by D, L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). Clemastine, promethazine and thenalidine inhibited 5-HTP-induced syndrome in doses of much lower than those inhibiting locomotor activity. Similar but weaker effect was produced by chlorcyclizine and diphenhydramine. It could be suggested that these compounds exert central antiserotonergic action. Chloropyramine and, more strongly, chlorpheniramine potentiated the action of 5-HTP; this may be due to the inhibition of serotonin uptake. Only mepyramine in these tests did not show any action on the central serotonin system.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6120505&dopt=Abstract
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