Drugs online research references
Dig Dis Sci. 1984 Sep;29(9):797-801.
Omeprazole inhibits nocturnal and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion in man.
Wilson JA, Boyd EJ, Wormsley KG.
The effect of omeprazole on the overnight and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion of acid and pepsin have been studied in healthy male volunteers. After treatment with omeprazole, 30 mg or 60 mg daily for one week, overnight secretion of acid was reduced by 48 and 73%, respectively. During stimulation with pentagastrin, a single dose of 40 mg omeprazole reduced acid output by 98%, while after 80 mg, secretion of acid and pepsin was completely abolished. Omeprazole is one of the most potent gastric secretory inhibitors available at present, with potential for use in the therapy of ulcer disease.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6432499&dopt=Abstract
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Pharm World Sci. 2001 Jun;23(3):107-10.
Factors associated with non-response in proton pump inhibitor users: a study of lansoprazole therapy.
Claessens AA, Heerdink ER, Lamers CB, van Eijk JT, Leufkens HG.
Department of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacotherapy, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht, The Netherlands.
BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) demonstrate high healing rates of 85-98% in clinical trials. Due to the limited knowledge regarding response and non-response to lansoprazole in daily practice and for the reason that resistance to PPIs is scarce, we investigated factors possibly associated with non-response. METHODS: Data were used from a prospective, open label, observational follow-up study in which 10,008 lansoprazole users were followed over time. The study was designed according to the SAMM guidelines. A matched nested case-control design was used to compare non-responding (cases) and responding (controls) lansoprazole users. Non-response was defined as worsening or non-improvement of symptoms at the first evaluation after at least 8 weeks of use, response as disappearance or improvement of symptoms within 8 weeks of use. Controls were matched for the evaluating physician. RESULTS: A total of 186 non-responders and 372 responders to PPI treatment were identified as cases and controls. Age of over 60 years, heavy smoking and previous use of PPIs were significantly more common in non-responding patients compared with responding patients. There were no differences found between the reported diagnosis regarding response. CONCLUSION: In daily clinical practice, previous use of PPIs, heavy smoking and an age > 60 years were significantly associated with non-response to treatment with lansoprazole. Previous use of PPIs in non-responding patients might suggest resistance to PPIs. The knowledge that non-response drives non-response may encourage physicians to follow PPI users with previous PPI use more closely.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11468874&dopt=Abstract
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hsc.unt.edu
The objective of this study was to determine patterns among geriatric practitioners in prescribing agents that protect the gastrointestinal tract when nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment is started for elderly patients. A questionnaire describing five scenarios of elderly patients requiring NSAID therapy asked respondents to choose gastrointestinal-protective agents for each scenario. Respondents were then asked to what extent four established risk factors for NSAID gastropathy (age, previous peptic ulcer, previous gastrointestinal bleeding, and heart disease) affected their choices. The choice of gastrointestinal-protective agent was compared with the training and experience of the respondents. This self-administered survey was provided to 821 randomly selected physicians from the membership of the American Geriatrics Society throughout the United States and Puerto Rico. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 6.1.4, was used to obtain frequencies. Of 821 surveys, 229 (28%) were returned. It was found that well elderly patients and nursing home residents were not treated with any gastrointestinal-protective agent by 64% (well elderly patients) and 32% (nursing home residents) of respondents. Among respondents who would prescribe, about half would choose misoprostol for a well elderly patient or a nursing home resident, whereas half or more preferred histamine H2-receptor antagonists. Twenty-three percent would not prescribe misoprostol when NSAID therapy was resumed after an active ulcer had healed, and 68% preferred H2 antagonists in that setting. The difference in response attributable to training/experience was less than 9%. Factors that did not affect prescribing patterns included the patient's age (15% to 62%) and heart disease (44% to 50%). The study concluded that age and heart disease are risk factors to which physicians give less consideration when choosing gastrointestinal-protective agents. Although misoprostol is the only agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration for prophylaxis against NSAID gastropathy, 23% of respondents chose not to prescribe misoprostol when NSAID therapy was resumed after an active ulcer had healed. Histamine H2-receptor antagonists were preferred over misoprostol for well elderly patients and nursing home residents. Training and experience were not responsible for differences among respondents' prescribing patterns.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10405516&dopt=Abstract
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