Drugs online research references
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OBJECTIVE: In two studies, different regimens of omeprazole-amoxycillin-metronidazole were assessed for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. DESIGN: Randomized, international, multicentre studies with parallel groups. SETTING: The studies were performed at centres in Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Sweden and UK. PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: H. pylori-positive patients with duodenal ulcer disease (active or in remission) were randomized to 7-day treatment with: omeprazole 40 mg once daily, amoxycillin 500 mg three times daily and metronidazole 400 mg three times daily (OAMtid; n = 242); omeprazole 20 mg twice daily, amoxycillin 1000 mg twice daily and metronidazole 800 mg twice daily (OAM800; n = 247); or omeprazole 20 mg twice daily, amoxycillin 1000 mg twice daily and metronidazole 400 mg twice daily (OAM400; n = 127). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Eradication of H. pylori. RESULTS: Intention-to-treat analysis revealed H. pylori eradication rates of 76% (184/242) with OAMtid, 80% (198/247) with OAM800, and 76% (97/127) with OAM400. There was considerable variation in the levels of primary resistance to metronidazole in different countries. The overall eradication rate in patients infected with metronidazole-sensitive H. pylori strains was 85% (313/370), compared with 60% (56/94) in patients harbouring metronidazole-resistant strains (P<0.001). All regimens were generally well tolerated, with mild adverse events occurring in 4-26% of patients (mainly diarrhoea, reversible increase in liver enzymes and headache). CONCLUSION: The OAM combination is effective in curing H. pylori infection. Primary metronidazole resistance may reduce its effectiveness, but an increased daily dosing of metronidazole may partly overcome this problem.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10503818&dopt=Abstract
note: kwd match prilosec online literature
Dig Dis Sci. 1992 Jul;37(7):1029-38.
Antiulcer drugs and gastric mucosal integrity. Effects of misoprostol, 16,16-dimethyl PGE2, and cimetidine on hemodynamics and metabolic rate in canine gastric mucosa.
Larsen KR, Dajani EZ, Ives MM.
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah Salt Lake City, Utah.
Although prostaglandins (PGs) of the E series have gastric antisecretory and cytoprotective properties, many have different effects on the barrier integrity of the gastric mucosa. The direct effect of antiulcer drugs on gastric mucosal blood flow, mucosal barrier permeability, and metabolic rate have not been adequately studied. These factors are important in the defense of the gastric mucosa. Part of the difficulty relates to the possible influence of gastric mucosal blood flow on gastric acid secretion. To rule out this confounding factor, omeprazole can be used to reveal the true pharmacologic effects of these antiulcer drugs independent of the effect of gastric secretion per se. The study examined the effects of 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 (dmPGE2), misoprostol, and cimetidine on gastric mucosal blood flow, oxygen consumption, potential difference (PD), electrolytes, and fluid flux using the ex vivo gastric chamber dog model. The PGs were administered intraluminally with an isotonic acid solution; cimetidine was administered by arterial infusion. None of the drug treatments had any significant effect on mean systemic arterial pressure, arterial blood gases, body temperature, or oxygen consumption. dmPGE2 significantly (P less than 0.001) decreased PD and enhanced the electrolytes (Na+, K+) and fluid flux across the mucosa (P less than 0.05). Misoprostol significantly increased gastric mucosal blood flow (P less than 0.02) and fluid efflux but decreased PD values. Cimetidine did not have any significant effects on barrier or metabolic functions of the stomach. These results suggest that a considerable difference exists in the pharmacology of gastric antisecretory drugs in relation to their effect on several factors affecting gastric mucosal integrity.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1319887&dopt=Abstract
note: kwd match prilosec online literature
J Pharm Sci. 1997 Sep;86(9):1030-3.
Study of 7,7',8,8'-tetracyanoquinodimethane charge transfer complexes with some lone-pair-donating drugs.
Bebawy LI, el Kelani K, Abdel Fattah L, Ahmad AK.
National Organization For Drug Control and Research, Egypt.
The interaction between 7,7',8,8'-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and oxamniquine (I), azithromycin (II), omeprazole (III), pantoprazole (IV), and benzydamine hydrochloride (V) was investigated. The reaction conditions were optimized to obtain typical charge transfer complexes (CTC). The nature of the formed complexes was proved by thorough study of the thermodynamic parameters namely delta G (free energy), delta H (enthalpy), and delta S (entropy). The association constant KcAD and the molar absorptivity xi lambda AD of the formed complexes were determined using the Benesi-Hildbrand equation. The effect of temperature on these constants gave evidence of CTC formation. The reaction of TCNQ with I-V was found to be in 1:1; as being determined by the Foster method. Spectrophotometric measurements of the formed CTC were used for the quantitative determination of the studied drugs in both pure or pharmaceutical formulation. The mean percentage recoveries were 99.17 +/- 0.34, 99.75 +/- 0.12, 100.52 +/- 0.41, 98.75 +/- 0.63, and 99.23 +/- 62 for I, II, III, IV, and V, respectively. There was no significant difference observed when the method was statistically compared with the official and reference methods used to determine these drugs.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9294817&dopt=Abstract
note: kwd match prilosec online literature
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