Drugs online research references
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1985 Apr;233(1):64-9.
Effects of H2-receptor antagonists upon physiological acid secretory states in animals.
Pendleton RG, Cook PG, Shepherd-Rose A, Mangel AW.
The results reported in this paper indicate that representative H2-receptor antagonists are capable of maximally inhibiting gastric acid secretion in animals under the two general circumstances in which it occurs physiologically. Interdigestive or basal secretion was examined in chronic gastric fistula rats and food-stimulated secretion in vagally innervated, lesser curvature pouch dogs. The H2 antagonists studied and omeprazole, an inhibitor of the proton pump H+, K+-adenosine triphosphatase, also decreased pepsin secretion in rats, although not to the same maximal degree as acid secretion. Gastric emptying was increased by each H2 antagonist but only at high acid inhibitory doses. Omeprazole, in contrast, did not alter gastric emptying at a similar antisecretory dosage level. In dogs, a representative H2-receptor antagonist markedly inhibited food-stimulated acid secretion. These data suggest that the predominant effect of omeprazole and H2-receptor antagonists upon gastric function is to inhibit acid secretion and that H2-receptor antagonists may be capable of maximally inhibiting endogenous acid secretion in humans, as does omeprazole, if given under proper conditions.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2858583&dopt=Abstract
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mail.ncku.edu.tw
BACKGROUND/AIMS: To determine whether gastric cardia biopsy may improve the detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) before and after eradication therapy. METHODOLOGY: A total of 150 dyspeptic patients with H. pylori infection completing a 2-week course of dual therapy (amoxicillin plus omeprazole) were studied. Endoscopy was carried out at the initial stage and 4 weeks after the completion of dual therapy. During each endoscopy, gastric biopsies were sampled in order from cardia, lower body, and antrum and stored separately to survey the distribution of H. pylori by histology. RESULTS: Before treatment, 88% (132/150) of the study cases had H. pylori found in antrum and 3.3% (5/150) of cases presented with bacteria only in cardia. After treatment, 38 cases had failure of dual therapy. The detection rates of H. pylori by biopsies without cardia decreased after the dual therapy (by antrum only: 88% to 60.5%, p < 0.05; antrum and body: 96.7% to 81.6%, p < 0.05). In contrast, the incidence of patients with only cardia involvement by H. pylori significantly increased from 3.3% (5/150) before to 18.4% (7/38) after treatment (p < 0.01). Among the 7 patients with H. pylori only in cardia after dual therapy, 3 cases had recurrent dyspepsia during follow-up because of no further anti-H. pylori therapy. Two of these 3 cases disclosed diffuse bacterial involvement in antrum and body besides cardia; the last case later had a positive result of urea breath test. CONCLUSIONS: Biopsy obtained from gastric cardia can improve the detection rate of H. pylori especially after dual therapy, which encounters antibiotics with possible sanctuary sites here. Thus, it will be useful to prevent over diagnosis of H. pylori eradication.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10228859&dopt=Abstract
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Gastroenterology. 1998 Dec;115(6):1483-93.
Regenerating gene protein may mediate gastric mucosal proliferation induced by hypergastrinemia in rats.
Fukui H, Kinoshita Y, Maekawa T, Okada A, Waki S, Hassan S, Okamoto H, Chiba T.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Regenerating gene (Reg) has been isolated from rat regenerating pancreatic islets, and Reg protein is mitogenic to islet cells. We have recently shown that Reg gene and Reg protein are expressed in gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells. This study aimed to clarify whether gastrin enhances Reg protein production in ECL cells and whether Reg protein is mitogenic to gastric mucosal cells. METHODS: Reg gene expression in response to acute and chronic hypergastrinemia was investigated in rats. Immunohistochemical studies, Northern blotting, and in situ hybridization were performed to investigate the expression of Reg protein and Reg gene. The direct effect of gastrin on Reg gene expression was investigated using isolated ECL cells, and the trophic effect of Reg protein on cultured gastric epithelial cells was assessed by [3H]thymidine uptake. RESULTS: Both chronic hypergastrinemia and short-term gastrin administration stimulated Reg gene expression and Reg protein production in fundic mucosa. Reg gene expression was also augmented in isolated ECL cells after incubation with rat gastrin. Reg protein was mitogenic to cultured rat gastric epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: Gastrin stimulates the production of Reg protein in gastric ECL cells, which may be involved in the gastrin-induced gastric mucosal cell growth.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9834276&dopt=Abstract
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