Drugs online research references
Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg [A]. 1987 Feb;263(3):372-6.
Treatment and course of erythema chronicum migrans.
Neumann R, Aberer E, Stanek G.
72 patients with Erythema chronicum migrans were treated with phenoxymethyl penicillin, 1,5 mill. IU p.o. three times a day for 14 days. Two children got the same therapy, but in a dosage of 400,000 IU three times a day for 10 days. In three of 15 skin samples, taken from the periphery of ECM lesions, spirochetal organisms were isolated. Of the 72 patients 16 had raised IgG (greater than or equal to 128) and 9 had raised IgM (greater than or equal to 64) titers to Borrelia burgdorferi. Under treatment with phenoxymethyl penicillin (penicillin V) all ECM lesions resolved within 6 to 10 days. After an observation period of 9 to 14 months no major or minor late manifestations of Lyme disease have developed in any of the 72 patients.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3109145&dopt=Abstract
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1987 Oct;16(5):559-65.
Ecological effects of penicillin prophylaxis in orthognatic surgery.
Bystedt H, Josefsson K, Nord CE.
Department of Oral Surgery, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
A study was conducted to evaluate 2 prophylactic penicillin regimens in 18 patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. The effects on the oral microflora were also studied. All patients received 3 g benzyl-penicillin as infusion from the beginning of operation and then 3 g every 6th hour during 24 h. One group of 9 patients then received 1 g phenoxymethylpenicillin as oral suspension twice daily for 6 days postoperatively. The second group of 9 patients received no further penicillin. One infection occurred in this second group, but the patient was cured with metronidazole. 7 of the 9 patients who received penicillin for 1 week, showed pronounced decreases in the number of streptococci and micrococci. In the 9 other patients who received only benzylpenicillin for one day, much smaller changes in the aerobic microflora were observed. Colonization with different enterococci, enterobacteria or yeasts was greater in the group receiving 1-week treatment. No major differences between the 2 groups of patients, concerning the impact on the anaerobic microflora were observed. The results indicate that benzylpenicillin is still a suitable prophylactic antibiotic in maxillofacial surgery. Extension of the antibiotic coverage to 1 week is doubtful because of the increased ecological risks. The clinical significance of anaerobes was obvious, as one postoperative infection occurred caused by an anaerobic micro-organism.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3116110&dopt=Abstract
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1987 Oct;64(4):417-20.
Development of resistant oral viridans streptococci after administration of prophylactic antibiotics: time management in the dental treatment of patients susceptible to infective endocarditis.
Leviner E, Tzukert AA, Benoliel R, Baram O, Sela MN.
Department of Oral Diagnosis, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
The American Heart Association recommends prophylactic administration of penicillin before each dental session to patients susceptible to infective endocarditis. Such preventive treatment, however, may trigger the transient appearance of penicillin-resistant bacterial strains. In order to investigate the behavior of oral streptococci, 29 healthy volunteers who did not harbor penicillin-resistant viridans streptococci received 4 gm of phenoxymethyl penicillin orally over a period of 10 hours. This amount constituted the sole dose of antibiotics administered in the entire experiment. Daily specimens of oral flora were obtained for 14 successive days from each participant and incubated aerobically with a penicillin-saturated disk for 24 hours. Viridans streptococci were considered resistant when bacterial colonies grew adjacent to the disk for 1 day or more. The study population was divided into high- and low-resistance groups, according to the individual antibiograms. Resistant viridans streptococci were already detected at 6 hours after penicillin ingestion in nine (31%) of the subjects. Six months later, oral specimens were taken from ten randomly selected participants; these specimens served as a control. The difference in bacterial resistance between the high- and low-resistance groups was significant for the duration of 9 days, as was that between the high-resistance and control groups (p less than 0.05 in both cases). In order to minimize the odds that penicillin-resistant bacterial strains will develop in patients susceptible to infective endocarditis, elective dental treatments in these persons should be scheduled in intervals of not less than 10 days.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3116480&dopt=Abstract
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