Drugs online research references
J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1987 Jan-Feb;70(1):39-41.
Liquid chromatographic determination of penicillin V potassium in tablets and powders for oral solution.
Mopper B.
A reverse-phase liquid chromatographic method is described for the assay of penicillin V potassium in tablets and powders for oral solution. Under isocratic conditions, the combined use of an octadecylsilane column, with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-methanol-0.01M monobasic potassium phosphate (21 + 4 + 75, v/v), and photometric detection at 225 nm, separated penicillin V potassium from excipients, related compounds, and degradation products. Sulfadimethoxine was used as an internal standard. Detector responses were linearly related to concentrations of penicillin V over the range 25-225 micrograms/mL (r = 0.99997). Standard addition recoveries ranged from 98.8 to 99.9% (mean 99.5%, n = 8) for tablets and from 97.9 to 101.6% (mean 99.8%, n = 8) for powders for oral solution. The liquid chromatographic assay results were compared with those obtained by the official iodometric titration method. The proposed method is simple, selective, stability-indicating, and free from interference by excipients and degradation products.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3104305&dopt=Abstract
Acta Otolaryngol. 1987 Jan-Feb;103(1-2):151-5.
Bacteriology in peritonsillitis.
Haeggstrom A, Engquist S, Hallander H.
Abscess material from 10 patients with peritonsillar abscesses was obtained by aspiration. Beside cultures and cultures in the laboratory, were performed 3-26 hours later, as well as routine nasopharyngeal and throat swab cultures. A total of 26 bacterial species were isolated from the abscess material; 19 of these were obligate anaerobes. In 4 patients a pure growth of anaerobes was found. In 3 patients a mixed aerobe/anaerobe flora was obtained. In 3 patients a pure growth of aerobes was found. Beta-hemolytic streptococci groups A and C respectively were isolated from 2 patients, but in pure culture from one patient only. The results of the nasopharyngeal and throat swab cultures showed a poor correlation to the results of cultures on aspirates. Comparison of the results of the bedside inoculation with the results of inoculation in the laboratory showed a moderate loss of bacterial species, viz. 3 of 26. All bacteria studied were susceptible to penicillin V, ampicillin and erythromycin when tested in vitro.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3105231&dopt=Abstract
J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1987 Mar;10(1):17-22.
Pharmacokinetics of phenoxymethyl penicillin (penicillin V) in calves.
Soback S, Kurtz B, Ziv G.
Phenoxymethyl penicillin (penicillin V) was administered intravenously (i.v.) and orally to pre-ruminant calves and the distribution and elimination kinetics, as well as the oral bioavailability, were determined. After i.v. injection, the drug was distributed rapidly in the body, the elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) was 34 min and the apparent volume of distribution at steady-state (Vd ss) was 0.30 l/kg. Mean peak serum drug concentrations were directly related to the oral dose administered, i.e. 0.22 microgram/ml, 1.06 micrograms/ml and 2.14 micrograms/ml after dosing at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg, respectively. The elimination t1/2 of the drug after oral dosing varied between 90 and 110 min, and the oral bioavailability was approximately 30% of the dose. The co-administration of phenoxymethyl penicillin and probenecid resulted in elevation and prolongation of serum drug concentration. The percentage of drug bound to serum proteins was 78.8% +/- 8.2%. Phenoxymethyl penicillin was probably inactivated and degraded in the gastrointestinal tract of 6-week-old calves fed exclusively hay, silage and concentrates as very low and erratic serum drug concentrations were measured after these calves were dosed orally with the drug at 40 mg/kg. In view of the narrow antibacterial spectrum of the drug and the relatively high dose required, it appears that phenoxymethyl penicillin can only be of limited practical value for the treatment of bacterial infections in preruminant calves.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3108520&dopt=Abstract
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