Drugs online research references
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1990;31(4):202-6.
Antibody-penicillin-V-amidase conjugates kill antigen-positive tumor cells when combined with doxorubicin phenoxyacetamide.
Kerr DE, Senter PD, Burnett WV, Hirschberg DL, Hellstrom I, Hellstrom KE.
Oncogen, Seattle, WA 98121.
The two monoclonal antibodies (mAb), L6 (anti-carcinoma), and 1F5 [anti-(B-cell-lymphoma)], were chemically linked to the enzyme penicillin-V amidase (PVA), which hydrolyzes phenoxyacetamides, to explore the potential of using mAb-enzyme conjugates for the localization of chemotherapeutic drugs at tumor cells. The phenoxyacetamide derivatives of doxorubicin and melphalan were prepared, yielding the less toxic amides, doxorubicin-N-p-hydroxyphenoxyacetamide (DPO) and melphalan-N-p-hydroxyphenoxyacetamide (MelPO). These were hydrolyzed by PVA to doxorubicin and melphalan respectively. In vitro studies with the L6-positive lung carcinoma cell line, H2981, and the 1F5-positive B-cell lymphoma line, Daudi, showed that DPO was 80-fold less toxic to H2981 cells and 20-fold less toxic to Daudi cells than doxorubicin, and its toxicity was substantially increased when the H2981 cells were pretreated with L6-PVA or the Daudi cells were pretreated with 1F5-PVA. The cytotoxic effect was antigen-specific, since only the binding mAb-enzyme conjugate increased the cytotoxicity of the prodrug. MelPO was more than 1000-fold less toxic than melphalan to H2981 cells and more than 100-fold less toxic than melphalan to Daudi cells. Pretreatment with the mAb-PVA conjugates did not enhance the toxicity of MelPO in either cell line, because PVA hydrolyzes the phenoxyacetamide bond of MelPO too slowly to generate a toxic level of melphalan.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2116231&dopt=Abstract
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1990 Aug 30;110(20):2637-40.
[Treatment of infections caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci]
[Article in Norwegian]
Halstensen A, Brandtzaeg P, Andrew M, Hoiby EA, Hjortdahl P, Gaustad P.
Medisinsk avdeling B, Haukeland sykehus, Bergen.
Since 1987 the number of severe and fatal cases of group A-beta-hemolytic streptococci (GAS) infections has increased in Scandinavia. It therefore seems reasonable to stress the monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of infections caused by GAS. Treatment with phenoxymethylpenicillin for ten days is recommended for patients with uncomplicated disease. Patients with severe disease should be treated with benzylpenicillin intravenously. We discuss alternative antibiotics, treatment of immunological complications, and general hygienic precautions.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2120791&dopt=Abstract
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1990;39(4):417-8.
Concentration of phenoxymethylpenicillin in tonsillar tissue.
Roos K, Brorson JE.
Department of ENT, Lundby Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.
Seventeen patients underwent tonsillectomy 55-120 min after receiving oral phenoxymethylpenicillin 12.5 mg/kg bodyweight. The penicillin concentration in serum and tonsillar tissue in each patient was determined by a microbial assay. In 9 patients with tonsillar hyperplasia, but with no prior history of tonsillitis, the mean penicillin concentration in serum and in tonsillar tissue was 5.0 mg.l-1 and 1.32 mg.g-1, respectively, and in 8 patients with manifest tonsillitis the corresponding values were 3.01 mg.l-1 and 0.67 mg.g-1. It appears that the penicillin concentration in tonsillar tissue is about 1/5 to 1/4 of that in serum, regardless of whether the tonsils are inflamed or hypertrophied.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2127570&dopt=Abstract
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