Drugs online research references
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1991 Apr;21(2):155-61.
Beta-lactamase production and bacterial tolerance in recurrent acute otitis media.
Roos K, Lind L, Holm SE.
ENT Department, Lundby Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.
Different reasons for treatment failure or relapse of acute otitis media (AOM) have been suggested. In this study 38 children (8 treatment failures, 13 relapses of AOM within one month and 17 with a new AOM) were compared to 25 matching healthy children, regarding beta-lactamase producing bacteria and tolerance to penicillin V and ampicillin. Branhamella catarrhalis was the most common bacteria found in the nasopharynx and was isolated in 60% of children with AOM and in 48% of the control group. Fifty-two percent of the children classified as treatment failure or relapse of AOM had aerobic beta-lactamase producing bacteria in NPH. No bacteria tolerant to penicillin or ampicillin were found. Thus, beta-lactamase-producing bacteria seem to play a decisive role in treatment failure and relapse of AOM. On the other hand, tolerance to penicillin V or ampicillin does not seem to have any impact on healing of AOM.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1909690&dopt=Abstract
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 1991 Aug;(8):68-71.
[The functional activity of the macrophages in experimental intestinal dysbacteriosis in rats]
[Article in Russian]
Zaitseva LG, Vasil'eva EI, Gorskaia EM.
The study of the functional activity of macrophages in the peritoneal exudate and spleen of Sprague-Dawley rats was made under the conditions of dysbacteriosis caused by the administration of antibiotics (gentamicin and phenoxymethylpenicillin) and short-term food deprivation. The complex study of the key functions of macrophages, carried out on the same pool of cells, showed that under the conditions of antibiotic therapy the enhanced function of ingestion was accompanied by a decrease in all other investigated functional parameters of peritoneal macrophages: the intensity of protein synthesis, oxidation metabolism, the activity of lysosomal apparatus, 5'-nucleotide activity. In contrast to changes observed in macrophages after the administration of antibiotics, short-term food deprivation induced increased functional activity as shown by most tests used in this investigation (such as tests for the ingestion of sheep red blood cells, 51Cr, nitro blue tetrazolium, acridine orange, 5'-nucleotidase activity), but did not affect the intensity of protein synthesis in macrophages. The comparison of these results with the data obtained by the authors after the administration of an immunomodulating agent made it possible to regard short-term food deprivation, judging by its effect on the functional activity on macrophages, as an immunostimulating action.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1950291&dopt=Abstract
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1991 Sep;35(9):1717-20.
Effects of propicillin on mixed continuous cultures of periodontal bacteria.
van der Hoeven JS, van den Kieboom CW.
Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Experiments were designed to test the antibiotic (1-phenoxypropyl)penicillin (propicillin) against a complex microflora of periodontal bacteria. This was accomplished by using a continuously growing mixed culture that was obtained by enrichment of periodontal plaque in human serum. Peptostreptococcus species, Prevotella intermedia, Lactobacillus, catenaforme, and Streptococcus species were dominant members of the enrichment culture. None of the strains isolated from the enrichment culture exhibited detectable beta-lactamase activity. MICs of propicillin for the organisms ranged from 0.1 to 1.2 mg/liter. Propicillin was added to the cultures in single doses that were repeated once or twice at 24-h intervals, that is, after 2.4 volume changes of the culture vessel. Analyses done 24 h after the last addition of propicillin revealed that total cell counts of the culture were hardly affected by 1 mg of propicillin per liter, although some changes in the microbial composition occurred. The relative insusceptibility of the culture might be explained by the low growth rate. Higher concentrations (5, 10, and 50 mg/liter) of the antibiotic caused 10- to 20-fold drops in total cell counts. In these cultures P. intermedia was selectively suppressed to below the detection level, whereas other organisms that were equally susceptible to propicillin were less affected. It was concluded that mixed continuous cultures are a useful tool for studying the effects of antibiotics against the periodontal microbiota.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1952836&dopt=Abstract
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