Drugs online research references
BMJ. 1991 May 4;302(6784):1051-2.
Allergy to penicillin: fable or fact?
Surtees SJ, Stockton MG, Gietzen TW.
Clinical Chemistry Department, District General Hospital, Eastbourne, East Sussex.
OBJECTIVE--To assess whether, on the basis of one blood test, penicillin allergy might be excluded sufficiently for general practitioners to give oral penicillin to patients claiming a history of penicillin allergy. DESIGN--Prospective study of patients referred by general practitioners. SETTING--Outpatient allergy clinic in a district general hospital. PATIENTS--175 referred patients who gave a history of immediate type reaction to penicillin, of whom 144 attended as requested and 132 completed the investigations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--History and examination, serum radioallergosorbent test to phenoxymethylpenicillin and benzylpenicillin, and oral challenge with penicillin. RESULTS--Of 132 patients, four were confirmed to have penicillin allergy by the radioallergosorbent test and 128 had an oral penicillin challenge without ill effect. CONCLUSIONS--Most patients who gave a history of penicillin allergy are not so allergic, and their actual allergic state should be substantiated whenever feasible. For patients reporting minor or vague reactions negative findings with a radioallergosorbent test to phenoxymethylpenicillin and benzylpenicillin provide sufficient evidence to give oral penicillin safely.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1903664&dopt=Abstract
Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1991;11(1):1-6.
Comparison of the serum and tissue concentrations of cefuroxime from cefuroxime axetil and phenoxymethylpenicillin in patients undergoing tonsillectomy.
Jetlund O, Thurmann-Nielsen E, Walstad RA.
Department of Otolaryngology, University Clinic, Trondheim, Norway.
In the study described, the pharmacokinetics of two oral betalactams, cefuroxime axetil and phenoxymethylpenicillin, were compared with respect to their penetration into tonsil tissue. Seventeen patients were given cefuroxime axetil 500 mg single dose and 16 patients were given phenoxymethylpenicillin 650 mg single dose, at different time intervals before tonsillectomy. The tonsils were freeze-dried and the drug concentrations in serum and tissue determined by a high performance liquid chromatographic method. Cefuroxime axetil showed a slightly better penetration ratio (mean 35%, median 32%) than phenoxymethylpenicillin (mean 31%, median 24%) however the difference was not statistically significant. The bioavailability of cefuroxime axetil was low due to being administered in the fasting state. The relatively low penetration ratios of both drugs into samples of whole tissue can be explained by the localization of betalactam antibiotics primarily in the extracellular fluid, with low penetration into normal cells. Both drugs were found to reach concentrations in tonsil tissue above the minimum inhibitory concentration for Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci after a single oral dose. In addition to streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae and beta-lactamase producing Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in a significant number of the tonsils. These bacteria may play a pathogenic role, but this was not investigated.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1908443&dopt=Abstract
J Assoc Off Anal Chem. 1991 May-Jun;74(3):497-501.
Determination of penicillin G residues in edible animal tissues by liquid chromatography.
Boison JO, Salisbury CD, Chan W, MacNeil JD.
Agriculture Canada, Health of Animals Laboratory, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
An improved method has been developed for the determination of benzyl penicillin in animal tissues. Tissues are fortified with a known amount of penicillin V (internal standard) and extracted with water. The extract is deproteinized with sulfuric acid and sodium tungstate, filtered, and concentrated on a conditioned C18 solid phase extraction column. Penicillin V and benzyl penicillin are then eluted from the column with 1 mL 60% acetonitrile-35% water-5% 0.2M phosphate buffer solution and derivatized with 1 mL 1,2,4-triazole-mercuric chloride solution at 65 degrees C for 30 min. An aliquot of this sample is analyzed by reverse phase liquid chromatography with UV detection at 325 nm. The limit of detection is 5 micrograms/kg (ppb) penicillin G (8.4 IU/kg) in liver, kidney, and muscle tissues).
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1908452&dopt=Abstract
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Wellstreet online pharmacy for click-order prescription medications ||
Altace Online Pharmacy ||
Rx Drugs USA, Prescription Drugs Online Pharmacy ||
Insurance plans and information ||
Insurance policies for all purposes ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||