Drugs online research references
Can J Comp Med. 1983 Oct;47(4):436-9.
Phenoxymethyl penicillin in the horse: an alternative to parenteral administration of penicillin.
Ducharme NG, Dill SG, Shin SJ, Schwark WS, Ducharme GR, Beilman WW.
This preliminary study evaluated phenoxymethyl penicillin (Penicillin V) as an alternative to parenteral administration of penicillin in horses. Penicillin V was administered orally to five horses at two different doses and plasma levels of the drug were determined at timed intervals. The results were evaluated by regression analysis. Following the administration of penicillin V at a dose of 66,000 IU/kg or 110,000 IU/kg, the mean peak plasma levels obtained were 1.55 micrograms/mL and 2.34 micrograms/mL respectively. A plasma level two to four times above the minimal inhibitory concentration level of Streptococcus equi and Streptococcus zooepidemicus was maintained for 325 minutes at 66,000 IU/kg and 349 minutes at 110,000 IU/kg. Penicillin V given orally was thus shown to be an acceptable alternative to parenteral administration of penicillin in the horse.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6421470&dopt=Abstract
Arzneimittelforschung. 1984;34(1):66-71.
[Bioavailability of penicillin V in aqueous dosage forms]
[Article in German]
Lintz W, Hirsch I, Osterloh G, Schmidt-Bothelt E, Sous H.
The bioavailability of Megacillin-oral-Trockensaft (active substance: potassium salt of phenoxymethylpenicillin, penicillin V potassium) was compared with that of another commercially available drug containing the same active substance. In a cross-over study, 12 healthy volunteers were administered by oral route 10 ml of each preparation (equivalent to 600 000 U = 392.2 mg potassium salt of phenoxymethylpenicillin) under standardized experimental procedure. Relative bioavailability was assessed by determination of phenoxymethylpenicillin concentrations in the plasma, employing both microbiological assay as well as high-performance liquid chromatography, by computation of the areas under the plasma concentration curves, and by calculation of the time periods necessary for the attainment of maximum plasma concentrations. In order to assess differences between the two forms in duration of efficacy, calculation of time intervals were based on plasma concentrations which were above 0.5; 1.0 or 1.5 micrograms/ml, respectively. Results of this comparative study indicate that Megacillin-oral-Trockensaft is superior to the other commercial preparation. The considerably better bioavailability of Megacillin-oral-Trockensaft is attributed to a substantially higher absorption rate and to a 2.4 times greater extent of absorption. Due to the distinct advantage in the bioavailability of Megacillin-oral-Trockensaft peak plasma concentrations of phenoxymethylpenicillin 5-6 fold higher and are reached faster when compared with those following intake of the other form tested. In practice, the superior bioavailability of Megacillin-oral-Trockensaft guarantees quicker initiation of therapeutic activity and greater safety (higher plasma concentrations, prolonged effect).
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6422953&dopt=Abstract
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1984 May;13(5):505-9.
Impact of phenoxymethylpenicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin and doxycycline on Streptococcus salivarius in the oropharynx.
Heimdahl A, Nord CE, Borthen L.
Streptococcus salivarius plays a role in the normal oropharyngeal resistance to colonization with group A streptococci. Suppression of Str. salivarius may increase the risk of colonization. Ten subjects were given phenoxymethylpenicillin, ten were given erythromycin, ten were given clindamycin and ten were given doxycycline for seven days. The numbers of Str. salivarius in the oral cavity were determined before, during and after the administration periods. Phenoxymethylpenicillin and doxycycline only slightly suppressed the numbers of Str. salivarius, while erythromycin and clindamycin markedly decreased the numbers. In four and five subjects respectively, Str. salivarius could no longer be isolated after seven days of the drug administration.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6429117&dopt=Abstract
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