Drugs online research references
uhura.cc.rochester.edu
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) carriers in children who are well, in children seen with presumed and documented viral illnesses with sore throat, and in children after treatment of acute GABHS tonsillopharyngitis with 10 days of oral penicillin V potassium, oral cephalosporins, or macrolides. METHODS: Prospective collection of clinical and microbiologic data from October 1996 to June 1997 in a private pediatric practice were obtained from children who were asymptomatic and well, from children with both presumed (and documented) viral sore throats, and from children who had completed a full antibiotic treatment course for acute GABHS throat infections. RESULTS: The incidence of GABHS carriers was 2.5% among well children (n = 227), 4.4% among children with upper respiratory tract infections including sore throat of presumed viral etiology (n= 296), and 6.9% among children with upper respiratory tract infections including sore throat from whom viruses were isolated (n = 87). Following 10 days' treatment of acute GABHS tonsillopharyngitis, 81 (11.3%) of 718 children treated with penicillin, 22 (4.3%) of 508 children treated with an oral cephalosporin, and 10 (7.1%) of 140 children treated with a macrolide were GABHS carriers (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: A small percentage of children seen in private pediatric practices who are well or who have apparent viral upper respiratory tract infections with sore throat are GABHS carriers. Penicillin treatment of acute GABHS tonsillopharyngitis results in a higher GABHS carriage rate than occurs following treatment with cephalosporins and macrolides.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10357305&dopt=Abstract
Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1992;33(1):42-6.
Influence of phenoxymethylpenicillin on the vaginal ecosystem.
Sjoberg I, Grahn E, Hakansson S, Holm SE.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Umea, Sweden.
The effects of phenoxymethylpenicillin on the bacterial flora of the vagina were investigated in 6 women who fulfilled the criteria of 'normality': predominance of lactobacilli, and absence of Enterobacteriaceae and fungi. Fourteen healthy women were enrolled and followed longitudinally; 8 of these were subsequently excluded because of divergence from normality. Following penicillin treatment, Gram-negative rods appeared in 4 of the remaining 6 women, and in 1 subject heavy growth of Candida albicans resulted. In 5 of the women there was no change in the lactobacillus count and a rise in pH was found in 4 subjects. In 1 woman, lactobacilli disappeared completely and were replaced by Escherichia coli. Concomitantly, high concentrations of endotoxins were found in the vaginal fluid. Treatment with penicillin may interfere with the normal vaginal bacterial flora and provide an environment favorable for Enterobacteriaceae and fungi.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1563656&dopt=Abstract
Infection. 1992 Jan-Feb;20(1):30-3.
Skin concentrations of phenoxymethylpenicillin in patients with erysipelas.
Sjoblom AC, Bruchfeld J, Eriksson B, Jorup-Ronstrom C, Karkkonen K, Malmborg AS, Lindqvist M.
Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Roslagstull Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
In 45 patients hospitalized with febrile erysipelas that had been treated with oral penicillin, punch biopsies of infected skin were performed and analysed for phenoxymethylpenicillin (pcV) concentrations. The curves for the concurrent serum and tissue levels followed the same course, indicating a rapid diffusion of pcV from serum into tissue. Penicillin concentrations in infected skin exceeded the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the streptococci isolated for the first 4 h after tablet ingestion. Venous insufficiency was highly prevalent and pcV concentrations in affected patients were slightly but not significantly higher. A theoretical basis for the successful treatment of erysipelas with oral penicillin is therefore at hand.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1563809&dopt=Abstract
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