Drugs online research references
Presse Med. 2003 Sep 6;32(28 Suppl):S5-9.
[Asplenia and hyposplenism]
[Article in French]
Beytout J, Tournilhac O, Laurichesse H.
Service des maladies infectieuses, Hotel-Dieu, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand (63).
FROM ASPLENIA TO SEVERE INFECTION: The most serious consequence of asplenia due to absence of the spleen, its resection or its functional failure is the risk of severe infection. RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE SEPTICEMIA: It is estimated that the risk of death due to septicemia is 200 times higher in splectomized patients than in patients with a spleen. Death occurs within several days or even hours in most of the patients due to overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI). The bacteria causing OPSI are predominantly pneumococci (50-80% of identified infections) as well as meningococci, Haemophilus sp, and other capsulated bacteria. IMPORTANCE OF AGE: The risk of infection is even greater if asplenia began early in life, either because of rapidly progressive congenital hemotological disease or splenectomy during infancy or early childhood. According to Holdsworth, infectious morbidity in subjects splenectomized before the age of 16 years is 4.4%, mortality reaches 2.2%. In adults, morbidity is 0.9% and mortality 0.8%. PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE: Furthermore, in an asplenic subject or in a patient with a chronic disease threatening the spleen, the development of infectious episodes is an expression of evolving immunodepression, calling for preventive measures against recurrence. Anti-pneumococcal vaccination and antibiotic prophylaxis using penicillin V considerably reduces the incidence of pneumococcal infection in splenectomized subjects.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14631637&dopt=Abstract
Presse Med. 2003 Sep 6;32(28 Suppl):S15-6.
[Antibiotic prophylaxis against bacterial infections in the hyposplenic and asplenic child]
[Article in French]
de Montalembert M.
Service de pediatrie Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris (75).
RISK OF INFECTION IN SPLENECTOMIZED CHILDREN: Observations in cohorts of splenectomized patients have led to the conclusion that the risk of bacterial infection is highest among young children, particularly under the age of 2 years, within 2 years of splenectomy and in children with an associated disease. SEVERITY OF THE INFECTIONS: According to the Holdsworth study conducted between 1952 and 1987, the rate of postoperative infection in splenectomized children under the age of 16 years is 4.4%, mortality reaching 2.2%. The risk of severe bacterial infection is also high in sickle-cell anemia children and is the leading cause of death in this age group. BASIS FOR ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS: Current guidelines concerning antibiotic prophylaxis in asplenic and hyposplenic children are based on several notions: not giving antibiotic prophylaxis is unacceptable due to the major vulnerability of these children to pneumococcal infection and the frequence of pneumococcal colonization in this age group; the antibiotic given should have a narrow spectrum. GUIDELINES: Antibiotic prophylaxis against infection in asplenic and hyposplenic children is based on daily administration of Oracilline (Penicilline V). Prophylaxis is started at diagnosis in sickle-cell anemia children, i.e. around 2-3 months of age in case of neonatal screening. Oracilline should be given at least 5 years after splenectomy or even longer, and up to the age of 15 years in sickle-cell anemia children who develop frequent ENT/bronchial complications or have a history of pneumococcal infection.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14631640&dopt=Abstract
Presse Med. 2003 Sep 6;32(28 Suppl):S17-9.
[Antibiotic prophylaxis in splenectomized adults]
[Article in French]
Beytout J, Tournilhac O, Laurichesse H.
Service des maladies infectieuses, Hotel-Dieu, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand (63).
SIGNIFICANT INCIDENCE OF SPLENECTOMY: Asplenism concerns a significant number of subjects: in France 6,000 to 9,000 patients undergo splenectomy annually. More than half of these patients are adults. NECESSARY PREVENTION: An asplenic adult is exposed to serious infections, predominantly caused by pneumococci but also by other encapsulated bacteria. Antibiotic prophylaxis is necessary and must be included in the overall management scheme in patients undergoing planned splenectomy. IN CLINICAL PRACTICE: In France the official recommendation for antibiotic prophylaxis in the asplenic patient is Oracilline (Penicilline V) administered continuously for at least 2 years following splenectomy in adults and for at least 5 years following splenectomy in children. This prophylactic measure must be included in an overall program designed to prevent infections in asplenic patients.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14631641&dopt=Abstract
Herbs and Pharmaceuticals Online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Wellstreet online pharmacy for click-order prescription medications ||
Altace Online Pharmacy ||
Rx Drugs USA, Prescription Drugs Online Pharmacy ||
Insurance plans and information ||
Insurance policies for all purposes ||
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||