Drugs online research references
J Biotechnol. 1991 Jan;17(1):81-90.
Strain improvement of Penicillium chrysogenum by recombinant DNA techniques.
Veenstra AE, van Solingen P, Bovenberg RA, van der Voort LH.
Gist-brocades Research and Development, Delft, The Netherlands.
The penDE gene from Penicillium chrysogenum has been isolated; the gene is located in close vicinity of the pcbC gene. Amplification of the pcbC-penDE gene cluster in Penicillium chrysogenum Wis54-1255 leads to a significant increase in penicillin production. In selected transformants an increase of up to 40% is observed.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1367496&dopt=Abstract
J Ind Microbiol. 1991 Apr;7(3):175-9.
Decreased production of para-hydroxypenicillin V in penicillin V fermentations.
Chang LT, McGrory EL, Elander RP, Hook DJ.
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Industrial Division, Syracuse, NY 13221-4755.
Penicillin V (phenoxymethyl penicillin) is produced by industrial strains of Penicillium chrysogenum in the presence of phenoxyacetic acid (POAc), a side-chain precursor for the penicillin V molecule. The wild-type strain of P. chrysogenum produces an undesirable penicillin byproduct, para-hydroxypenicillin V (p-OH penicillin V), in addition to penicillin V, via para-hydroxylation of POAc and subsequent incorporation of the p-OH phenoxyacetic acid into the penicillin molecule. Most of the p-OH penicillin V is produced late in cycle when the POAc concentration in the medium is nearly depleted. The level of p-OH penicillin V produced by the control strain ranges up to 10-15% of the total penicillins produced. 3-Phenoxypropionic acid and p-bromophenylacetic acid partially inhibit the formation of p-OH penicillin V with a minimal effect on penicillin V productivity. Mutants deficient in their ability to hydroxylate POAc were found to produce lower levels of p-OH penicillin V. Multi-step mutation and screening, starting with the wild-type strain, have culminated in isolation of mutants which produce p-OH penicillin V as 1% of the total penicillins with no adverse effect on penicillin V productivity.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1367508&dopt=Abstract
J Ind Microbiol. 1991 Apr;7(3):209-14.
Beijerinckia indica var. penicillanicum penicillin V acylase: enhanced enzyme production by catabolite repression-resistant mutant and effect of solvents on enzyme activity.
Ambedkar SS, Deshpande BS, Sudhakaran VK, Shewale JG.
Research and Development, Hindustan Antibiotics Ltd., Pimpri, Pune, India.
Beijerinckia indica var. penicillanicum mutant UREMS-5, producing 168% more penicillin V acylase, was obtained by successive treatment with UV, gamma-irradiation and ethylmethane sulfonate. Penicillin V acylase production by the mutant strain was resistant to catabolite repression by glucose. Incorporation of glucose, sodium glutamate and vegetable oils in the medium enhanced enzyme production. The maximum specific production of penicillin V acylase was 244 IU/g dry weight of cells. Effect of solvents on hydrolysis of penicillin V by soluble penicillin V acylase and whole cells was studied. Methylene chloride, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride significantly stimulated the rate of penicillin V hydrolysis by whole cells.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1367509&dopt=Abstract
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