Drugs online research references
J Bacteriol. 1997 Apr;179(8):2783-7.
Cloning and characterization of the ponA gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 1 from Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis.
Ropp PA, Nicholas RA.
Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7365, USA.
The ponA gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 1 (PBP 1) from Neisseria gonorrhoeae was cloned by a reverse genetic approach. PBP 1 was purified from solubilized membranes of penicillin-susceptible strain FA19 by covalent ampicillin affinity chromatography and used to obtain an NH2-terminal amino acid sequence. A degenerate oligonucleotide based on this protein sequence and a highly degenerate oligonucleotide based on a conserved amino acid motif found in all class A high-molecular-mass PBPs were used to isolate the PBP 1 gene (ponA). The ponA gene encodes a protein containing all of the conserved sequence motifs found in class A PBPs, and expression of the gene in Escherichia coli resulted in the appearance of a new PBP that comigrated with PBP 1 purified from N. gonorrhoeae. A comparison of the gonococcal ponA gene to its homolog isolated from Neisseria meningitidis revealed a high degree of identity between the two gene products, with the greatest variability found at the carboxy terminus of the two deduced PBP 1 protein sequences.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9098083&dopt=Abstract
J Immunol. 1997 May 15;158(10):5002-6.
Anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody prevents antibiotics-induced active fatal anaphylaxis.
Park JS, Choi IH, Lee DG, Han SS, Ha TY, Lee JH, Lee WH, Park YM, Lee HK.
Department of Immunology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonju, Republic of Korea.
We previously reported that anti-IL-4 mAb (11B11) failed to prevent protein-induced fatal murine anaphylaxis. To investigate the effect of anti-IL-4 on hapten-induced anaphylaxis, a model of murine anaphylaxis induced by antibiotics, penicillin V (Pen V) and cephalothin (CET), was developed, and the effect of anti-IL-4 on the anaphylaxis was observed. Pen V and CET induced 100 and 70 to 90% fatal reactions, respectively, when C57BL/6 mice were sensitized i.p. with 500 microg of antibiotic-OVA conjugate with 2 x 10(9) Bordetella pertussis and 1.0 mg of alum and challenged i.v. with 100 microg of antibiotic-BSA conjugate 14 days later. Serum taken from mice sensitized to Pen V passively sensitized normal mice to develop systemic anaphylaxis, and this ability of the serum was abrogated by heating at 56 degrees C for 2 h or depletion of IgE, but not IgG, Abs. Thus, the antibiotic-induced fatal reaction was an IgE-dependent anaphylactic reaction. Administration of anti-IL-4 at the beginning of sensitization completely prevented the fatal anaphylactic reactions to both Pen V and CET. This effect of anti-IL-4 was associated with its suppressive activity on antibiotic-specific serum IgE, but not IgG, levels. More importantly, anti-IL-4 therapy in previously sensitized mice was also effective in preventing the fatal reactions and rapidly reduced the established IgE levels. This study provides a new animal model of hapten-induced anaphylaxis and indicates that blocking of IL-4 activity may be beneficial in allergic diseases caused by a variety of haptens in which IgE Abs play a major role.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9144520&dopt=Abstract
J Mol Recognit. 1996 Sep-Dec;9(5-6):658-63.
Biosensors in flow-injection systems for biomedical analysis, process and environmental monitoring.
Tran-Minh C.
Ecole des Mines de Saint-Etienne, France.
This paper presents the construction of various biosensors using thin-film layers incorporated in flow injection devices, providing automated systems for biomedical analysis, process and environmental monitoring. A urease sensor has been developed in conjunction with a flow injection system for the automatic determination of urea. Use of the spraying immobilization technique gives rise to a response time of a few seconds, which allows sample throughputs up to 200 h-1. With a penicillin biosensor adapted in an appropriate cell detection, on-line measurements of penicillin V in the fermentation broth are achieved during the whole fermentation process; the results are compared with the HPLC method. Linearity, sensitivity and reproducibility of the biosensor are studied with regards to sample dilution in a stirred flow detection cell to provide optimal operating conditions. Measurements without any change in parameters are obtained during the whole fermentation process. Acetylcholinesterase sensors have been used in batch systems for the determination of pesticides, but they require large amounts of substrate. When those enzyme sensors are combined with flow injection systems, only small volumes (100 microliters) of substrate are injected into the carrier stream and an automated system can be obtained for continuous control of water quality.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9174953&dopt=Abstract
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