Drugs online research references
Med Klin. 1975 Oct 10;70(41):1637-40.
[Bioavailability of different brands of phenoxymethylpenicillin (author's transl)]
[Article in German]
Simon C, Malerczyk V, Grothkopp J.
The bioavailability of 11 brands of phenoxymethylpenicillin was investigated in a cross-over-study in healthy volunteers. There were found some differences in the velocity of absorption, in the peaks and in the blood levels after 4 hours. The absorption rate was evaluated by comparison of area under the curve and urine-recovery after oral administration of different brands. It is suggested to control each brand of oral antibiotic preparations on bioavailability.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=810652&dopt=Abstract
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1975 Jun 18;289(1):55-64.
Cerebral toxicity of penicillins in relation to their hydrophobic character.
Weihrauch TR, Kohler H, Hoffler D.
The neurotoxic effects of ticarcillin, methicillin, phenthicillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin and dicloxacillin were studied in the conscious rabbit. During and after intravenous administration of 1.2 and 2.4 g/kg, resp., over 50 min the blood concentrations of the drugs were determined and the neurotoxicity assessed by continuous recording of the electroencephalogram. The hydrophobia of the penicillins was characterized by determination of their partition coefficients between isobutanol and buffer solution pH 7.4. The penicillins showed quite different neurotoxic properties. A close correlation (r = 0.928) was found between the neurotoxic potency of the penicillins and their partition coefficients. With increasing hydrophobia the neurotoxic potency increased in the following sequence: Ticarcillin, methicillin, oxacillin, phenethicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin. It can be concluded, therefore, that determination of the partition coefficient of a penicillin gives valuable information on the neurotoxicity to be expected. The introduction of a neurotoxicity quotient revealed that penicillins may be divided into two groups: less neurotoxic penicillins with a partition coefficient below 1.0 and highly neurotoxic penicillins with a partition coefficient above 1.0.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=810732&dopt=Abstract
Int J Oral Surg. 1975 Oct;4(5):198-204.
Penicillin treatment in oral surgery in patients with coagulation disorders.
Lundberg C, Nord CE, Ramstrom G.
There are clinical observations indicating that the frequency of postoperative bleeding after oral surgery in patients with coagulation disorders is reduced by prophylactic antibiotic treatment. To assess this effect, the concentrations of phenoxymethylpenicillin in plasma and saliva were determined during treatment and compared with the MIC values for penicillin of the oral bacteria of four patients with coagulation disorders. The concentration of penicillin in plasma of the patients considerably exceeded the MIC values of all isolated bacteria. In mixed saliva and saliva of the parotid and submandibular glands no penicillin activity could be detected. The bacteria isolated from the oral cavity of the patients did not in vitro exhibit either fibrinolytic or plasminogen activator activity. Thus, the oral bacteria of patients with coagulopathies probably do not cause an increased bleeding tendency by their intra- or extracellular enzymes.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=811575&dopt=Abstract
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