Drugs online research references
Clin Allergy. 1979 Sep;9(5):515-25.
IgE antibodies against penicillin as determined by Phadebas RAST.
Basomba A, Villalmanzo IG, Campos A, Pelaez A, Berglund A.
Serum samples from eighty-one patients with suspected penicillin allergy were investigated with Phadebas RAST using the penicillin derivatives Benzylpenicilloyl-human serum albumin (PBO-HSA) and Phenoxymethylpenicilloyl-human serum albumin (PMPO-HSA) and the results were compared with skin test results and clinical data. Of the sixty-one patients who had anaphylactic shock and/or urticaria as a possible consequence of penicillin administration, reagins against PBO-HAS and PMPO-HSA could be detected in thirty-four cases (56%). Five per cent of these patients, with positive RAST results, showed negative skin tests; in the other 95% both RAST and skin tests were positive. All, except eight, of the RAST-negative patients had had their adverse reactions at least 2 years prior to the blood sampling and in some of these cases skin tests were also negative. RAST and provocation test results agreed in 80% of the cases where exposition was performed. It is concluded that the RAST technique is a valuable diagnostic tool for the detection of immediate type hypersensitivity to penicillin.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=115620&dopt=Abstract
Scand J Infect Dis. 1979;11(3):233-42.
Effect of phenoxymethylpenicillin and clindamycin on the oral, throat and faecal microflora of man.
Heimdahl A, Nord CE.
Phenoxymethylpenicillin in capsules was given orally in doses of 800 mg twice daily for 7 days to 10 subjects. Saliva, throat and faecal specimens were taken up to 29 days for cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. No changes in the normal flora in saliva, throat or faeces were noticed during the observation period. Clindamycin was given orally in doses of 150 mg 4 times daily to 10 other subjects. No changes in the aerobic oral flora were observed, while a significant decrease in the number of anaerobic bacteria occurred. In 2 volunteers, overgrowth of clindamycin-resistant clostridia were seen from days 4--16 in one and from days 2--7 in the other. The throat flora showed changes similar to the oral flora. Pronounced changes in the aerobic and anaerobic faecal bacterial flora occurred. Thus among the aerobes enterococci proliferated and among the anaerobes significant decreases in the number of cocci and gram-negative rods were noticed. In 4 subjects, clindamycin-resistant clostridia increased 4log. One of them developed diarrhoea and harboured an unidentified toxin-producing clostridial strain rather similar to Clostridium difficile.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=118526&dopt=Abstract
Acta Derm Venereol. 1983;63(1):53-7.
Penicillin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid and serum after intramuscular, intravenous, and oral administration to syphilitic patients.
Lowhagen GB, Brorson JE, Kaijser B.
Penicillin concentration in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were estimated in 19 syphilitic patients given three different regimens: Penicillin G, 10 MIU i.v. three times a day (3 patients); procaine penicillin, 600 000 IU i.m. (11 patients); and penicillin V, 1.2 MIU by mouth four times a day (5 patients). Intravenous administration of penicillin G resulted in a penicillin concentration in CSF of 0.3-0.5 micrograms/ml; In contrast, procaine penicillin, i.m. and penicillin V by mouth did not result in any measurable CSF concentration, even in the presence of pleocytosis and/or barrier lesion. Penicillin V by mouth gave considerably higher serum concentrations than procaine penicillin intramuscular, however. In the light of these results, and reported treatment failures in neurosyphilis and demonstration of viable Treponema pallidum after treatment, we propose that neurosyphilis should be treated with high intravenous doses of penicillin to ensure treponemicidal concentrations in the central nervous system.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6191490&dopt=Abstract
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