Drugs online research references
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2001 Spring;11(1):15-24.
Early methylphenidate administration to young rats causes a persistent reduction in the density of striatal dopamine transporters.
Moll GH, Hause S, Ruther E, Rothenberger A, Huether G.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Gottingen, Germany.
Methylphenidate is widely and effectively used for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during early childhood and adolescence, but until now possible effects of this treatment on brain development and the maturation of monoaminergic systems have not been investigated systematically. This experimental animal study describes the effects of methylphenidate administration (2 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks to very young (prepubertal) and somewhat older (postpubertal) rats on the densities of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transporters in the striatum and in the midbrain. As shown by ligand-binding-assays, the K(D) values of all three transporters were unaffected by this treatment. No alterations were found for the Bmax values of [3H]-paroxetine and [3H]-nisoxetine binding, but the density of dopamine transporters (Bmax values of [3H]-GBR binding) in the striatum (but not in the midbrain) was significantly reduced after early methylphenidate administration (by 25% at day 45), and this decline reached almost 50% at adulthood (day 70), that is, long after termination of the treatment. This is the first empirical demonstration of long-lasting changes in the development of the central dopaminergic system caused by the administration of methylphenidate during early juvenile life.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11322741&dopt=Abstract
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nuigalway.ie
The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of serotonin release in methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced immunosuppression in rats. We examined the effect of pretreatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine, and the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor para-chlorophenylalanine on MDMA-induced suppression of interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha secretion following an in vivo lipopolysaccharide challenge. Although paroxetine blocked MDMA-induced serotonin depletion in the cortex and hypothalamus, it failed to alter the suppressive effect of MDMA on lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha secretion. Similarly, although para-chlorophenylalanine caused a 90% depletion in cortical and hypothalamic serotonin content, it failed to alter the suppressive effect of MDMA on lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-1beta or TNF-alpha secretion. In conclusion, although MDMA is a potent releaser of serotonin, the suppressive effects of MDMA on lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory cytokine secretion cannot be attributed to its serotonin-releasing properties.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11334877&dopt=Abstract
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bc.boehringer-ingelheim.com
This study was aimed at evaluating the ability of flibanserin, a 5-HT1A receptor full agonist with antidepressant potential, to induce the 5-HT syndrome (flat body posture, hindlimb abduction and forepaw treading) in rats previously administered with clinically active antidepressants imipramine, fluoxetine or paroxetine. The 5-HT syndrome was observed for 50 min after intraperitoneal administration of flibanserin (0, 8 or 64 mg/kg) given 10 min after antidepressants (0 or 15 mg/kg). Flibanserin induced flat body posture and very slight hindlimb abduction only at 64 mg/kg. No dose of flibanserin elicited forepaw treading. Similar but milder symptoms were induced by antidepressants. No interaction between flibanserin and antidepressants was observed. A dose of 10 mg/kg flibanserin did not change the flat body posture induced by 8 mg/kg (+/-)-8-OH-DPAT but antagonized (+/-)-8-OH-DPAT-induced forepaw treading.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11343624&dopt=Abstract
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