Drugs online research references
Neuropsychopharmacology. 1999 Dec;21(6):683-93.
Localized orbitofrontal and subcortical metabolic changes and predictors of response to paroxetine treatment in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Saxena S, Brody AL, Maidment KM, Dunkin JJ, Colgan M, Alborzian S, Phelps ME, Baxter LR Jr.
University of California Los Angeles, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, USA.
Previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have found elevated glucose metabolic rates in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and caudate nuclei that normalize with response to treatment. Furthermore, OCD symptom provocation differentially activates specific subregions of the OFC, which have distinct patterns of connectivity and serve different functions. Therefore, we sought to determine the role of specific subregions of the OFC and associated subcortical structures in mediating OCD symptoms, by determining how glucose metabolism in these structures changed with paroxetine treatment of OCD patients. We also sought to determine whether pretreatment OFC metabolism would predict response to paroxetine, as it has for other OCD treatments. Twenty subjects with OCD received [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET scans before and after 8 to 12 weeks of treatment with paroxetine, 40 mg/day. In patients who responded to paroxetine, glucose metabolism decreased significantly in right anterolateral OFC and right caudate nucleus. Lower pretreatment metabolism in both left and right OFC predicted greater improvement in OCD severity with treatment. These results add to evidence indicating that orbitofrontal-subcortical circuit function mediates the symptomatic expression of OCD. Specific subregions of the OFC may be differentially involved in the pathophysiology of OCD and/or its response to pharmacotherapy.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10633474&dopt=Abstract
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J Affect Disord. 1997 Jun;44(1):79-85.
Platelet [3H]imipramine and [3H]paroxetine binding in depressed patients.
Rosel P, Menchon JM, Vallejo J, Arranz B, Navarro MA, Liron F, Alvarez P.
Hormone Unit, Hospital Princeps d'Espanya, Barcelona, Spain.
[3H]Paroxetine and [3H]imipramine binding to blood platelet membranes was simultaneously measured in 63 control subjects and 18 patients with DSM-III-R criteria for major depression with melancholia. Both binding sites showed significantly different (p < 0.001) maximum binding (Bmax) and equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) values. Age was not correlated with either [3H]imipramine Bmax or Kd values, but a negative correlation was found between [3H]paroxetine Bmax and age in healthy controls. Furthermore, depressed patients showed significantly lower [3H]imipramine Bmax values (p < 0.001) and higher Kd values (p < 0.001) in comparison to the control group. No differences were observed in [3H]paroxetine Bmax and Kd values between the two groups.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9186805&dopt=Abstract
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unmc.edu
This retrospective chart review examines the impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on 20 patients with both depression and psychosis complicating dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and other dementias. Fifteen of the 20 patients had moderate to marked improvement in depressive and psychotic symptoms. Eleven of 12 patients with DAT had moderate to marked improvement compared to only four of eight patients with dementia from other causes. The drugs were effective in diminishing or eliminating psychotic symptoms in six patients who had previously not responded to a trial of a neuroleptic. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may have an important role to play in patients with DAT who have coexisting depression and psychosis. These drugs are very well tolerated and may have a place as first-line agents in non-emergent settings where a clinician might otherwise think of instituting a neuroleptic or as a second-line agent when a neuroleptic has proven ineffective.
online pharmacy ref source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9193959&dopt=Abstract
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